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 |  موضوع: كتاب Easy Guide to Health and Safety - Second Edition الجمعة 29 مارس 2024, 12:15 am | |
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أخواني في الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
Easy Guide to Health and Safety - Second Edition
Phil Hughes MBE and Liz Hughes
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents
Preface x
Chapter 1 What is health and safety all about? 1
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Why is health and safety such an important topic? 4
1.3 What is health and safety at work all about? 7
1.4 Low-risk premises, working from home and the self-employed 8
1.5 Role and function of external agencies 11
1.6 Getting started: hazards, risk assessment and control measures 13
Chapter 2 Management 15
2.1 Organise the work so that it is safe 16
2.2 Consult employees 19
2.3 Health and safety assistance 19
2.4 Provide adequate supervision and safe systems of work 20
2.5 Provide information, instruction and training 21
2.6 Monitor and review health and safety performance 23
2.7 Major occupational health and safety management systems 24
2.8 Ensure adequate insurance has been arranged 26
Appendix 2.1 How do you comply? 27
Appendix 2.2 Example of a simple health and safety policy 32
Appendix 2.3 Example checklist for workplace audit/inspection 37
Chapter 3 Risk assessment 41
3.1 How do you make a risk assessment? 42
3.2 Identifying hazards 43
3.3 Deciding who might be harmed and how this could happen 47
3.4 Evaluating the risks and deciding whether the existing
controls are suffi cient 48
3.5 Hierarchy of risk control measures 48
3.6 Risk matrix chart 49
3.7 Recording signifi cant fi ndings 50
3.8 Keeping your risk assessments up to date 51
Appendix 3.1 Hazard prompts 52
Appendix 3.2 Hazard-spotting examples 60
Appendix 3.3 Risk assessments – completed example,
hairdressing salon 61viii • Contents
Chapter 4 Legal framework 65
4.1 Legal framework 66
4.2 What the HSW Act requires 68
4.3 Management regulations 71
4.4 Consultation and safety representatives 73
4.5 Safety signs and notices 76
4.6 Checklists for starting a new business 79
Appendix 4.1 Your health, your safety: a guide for workers 82
Chapter 5 Control of safety hazards 85
5.1 The workplace and basic welfare requirements 86
5.2 Movement of people and vehicles 94
5.3 Driving for work 96
5.4 Fire 101
5.5 Electricity 110
5.6 Work equipment 117
5.7 Working at height 124
5.8 Confined spaces 130
Chapter 6 Chemical and biological health hazards 133
6.1 Hazardous substances 134
6.2 Asbestos at work 143
6.3 Lead at work 149
6.4 Dermatitis 152
6.5 Drug and alcohol policies at work 157
6.6 Legionnaires’ disease 159
6.7 Control of sharps in health care 161
6.8 Personal protective equipment (PPE) 162
6.9 Smoke-free policies at work 166
Appendix 6.1 Suggested smoke-free policy 169
Chapter 7 Physical and psychological health hazards 171
7.1 Display screen equipment and computer workstations 172
7.2 Musculoskeletal disorders 176
7.3 Noise 185
7.4 Stress 194
7.5 Vibration 196
7.6 Radiation risks 202
7.7 Violence and bullying 206
7.8 Environmental concerns 208Contents • ix
Chapter 8 Contractors and construction 211
8.1 Introduction 212
8.2 Contractors 212
8.3 Suppliers 213
8.4 What people need to know 215
8.5 Construction and maintenance jobs 216
8.6 Providing a health and safety method statement 218
8.7 Sub-contracting work 220
8.8 Safety rules for contractors 222
8.9 Working with a permit-to-work system 222
8.10 Construction hazards 222
Appendix 8.1 Sample safety rules for contractors 229
Appendix 8.2 Health and safety checklist for contractors 231
Chapter 9 Accidents and emergencies 235
9.1 Introduction 236
9.2 Accidents can cost a great deal 236
9.3 Emergency procedures 238
9.4 Accident book 240
9.5 Investigating accidents and incidents 241
9.6 Causes of accidents 242
9.7 Simple root cause analysis: the five whys 244
9.8 Reporting of accidents and incidents 245
9.9 First aid 248
9.10 Role and powers of enforcement officers 251
9.11 Insurance claims 252
Appendix 9.1 Example of a shop emergency procedure 254
Appendix 9.2 Typical fire action notice 256
Chapter 10 Sources of information and guidance 257
10.1 Some useful health, safety and fire websites 258
10.2 A few abbreviations used in health, safety and fire 264
10.3 Health, safety and fire sample forms 268
Acknowledgements 283
Index 287
Index
access routes 87–8
accident book 240
accident incident report form 278–9
accidents 4, 235–56
causes of 242–3
costs of 236–7
fi rst aid 248–50
fi ve whys analysis 244–5
incidence 4, 24
investigation 24, 241–2
keeping records 240
reporting 245–7
see also emergency procedures
action values see exposure action
values (EAVs)
alcohol policy 157–9
addressing problems 158–9
indicators of problems 157–8
training 157
asbestos 143–9, 226
Control of Asbestos Regulations
(2012) 146–9
dangers of 143–4
getting information 149
licences 147
likely sites of 144–5
notifi able non-licensed work
(NNLW) 146–7
people at risk 146
Asbestos Removal Contractors
Association (ARCA) 258
Association of Noise Consultants
(ANC) 258
Association of Specialist Fire Protection
(ASFP) 258
Bangladesh 5
biological hazards 46
British Approvals for Fire Equipment
(BAFE) 259
British Fire Protection Systems
Association (BFPSA) 259
British Occupational Hygiene Society
(BOHS) 259
British Standard BS8800 25
bullying 206
Callaghan, Sir Bill 6
carrying see manual handling
chemical hazards 44–5, 54–6, 134
fi re risks 108
see also hazardous substances
Chemical Hazards Communication
Society (CHCS) 259
civil law 66, 67, 68
cleanliness 86, 88–9, 90–1
clothing, protective 162–5
competent assistance 72, 73
computer workstations 172–5
analysis of 175–6, 280–1
regulations 172–5
training and information 176
confi ned spaces 130–1
Considerate Constructors Scheme 259
construction 216–18
hazards 222–8
health and safety method statement
218–20
see also contractors; working at
height (WAH)
consultation with employees 73–5
protection of employees 76
contractors 212–13
checklist 231–3
health and safety method statement
218–20
information provision 215–16
permit-to-work system 222
regulations 216
safety rules 222, 229–30
subcontracting work 220–1
see also construction
Control of Artifi cial Optical Radiation
at Work Regulations (2010) 205–6
Control of Asbestos Regulations (2012)
146–7
compliance with 147–9
Control of Lead at Work Regulations
(2002) 151
Control of Noise at Work Regulations
(2005) 185–6
action levels 188–9
hearing protectors 192–3288 • Index
limit values 188–9
Control of Substances Hazardous to
Health (COSHH) Regulations
135–42
assessments 139–42, 270–1
compliance with 138–9
Control of Vibration at Work
Regulations 200–2
criminal law 66, 67
Dangerous Substances and Explosive
Atmosphere Regulations (DSEAR)
108–9
dangers see hazards
Department for Business, Innovation
and Skills 260
Department for Communities and
Local Government (DCLG) 260
Department for Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
260
Department for Transport (DFT) 260
dermatitis 152–6
early detection 156
reporting 156
risk assessment 153–4
risk control 154–5
training and supervision 156
Dhaka factory collapse (2013) 5
display screen equipment 172–6
analyzing the workstation 175–6,
280–1
regulations 172–5
training and information 176
Draft Construction (Design and
Management) Regulations (2015)
216, 218
driving 96–100
risk evaluation 98–100
vehicular routes 87, 94–6
drug policy 157–9
addressing problems 158–9
indicators of problems 157–8
training 157
egress routes 87–8
electricity 112–17
electric shock placard 116
electrical hazards 110–11
electrical system evaluation
112–15
keeping records 115–16
emergency procedures 236–40
fire 239–40
employees
consultation with 19, 73–6
information provision to 72, 83–4,
193
responsibilities of 69–71, 72, 82–3
Employers Liability (Compulsory
Insurance) Act (1969) 69, 84, 253
employers’ liability insurance 26
enforcement officers 251
Environment Agency 12, 260–1
environmental concerns 208–10
regulations and legislation 208–9
sustainable business 210
what businesses must do 209–10
environmental hazards 45–6, 57–8
escalators 87
European Agency for Safety and
Health and Work 261
European Agreement statement 206–7
expectant mothers 73
exposure action values (EAVs)
noise 188–9
vibration 200, 201
exposure limit values (ELVs)
noise 188–9
vibration 200, 201
external agencies 11–13
external training 21
Eyres, Michael 97–8
falls 124–6, 225–6
avoidance 92, 126
see also working at height (WAH)
Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) 26
FIRA International 261
fire
emergency procedures 239–40
exit doors 105
fire notice 256
precautions and procedures 255
see also fire risks
fire and rescue authority 12, 251
fire extinguishers 110
Fire Precautions Regulatory Reforms
(Fire Safety) Order (2005) 101–3
main rules 102
premises covered 101
responsibility for 102
Fire Protection Association (FPA) 261
fire risk assessment form 273
dangerous substances 108–9
fire risks 68, 101–10
fire triangle 102–3Index • 289
general precautions 109–10
heaters 108
risk assessment 103–7
rubbish 108
smoking 108
see also fire; Fire Precautions
Regulatory Reforms (Fire Safety)
Order (2005)
Fire Safety Order (2005) 68
first aid 248–50
appointed person 249
contents of first-aid box 249–50
first-aid treatment report form 276–7
floors 88, 91
footwear 91
Hackett, Judith 4–5
hairdressing salon risk assessment
61–3
hand tools 122
hand-arm vibration (HAV) 192–200
effects on people 196–8
exposure estimation 201
jobs involving HAV 198
preventing problems 201–2
see also vibration
handling see manual handling
harassment 206
hazard symbols 136, 140
hazardous substances 134–68
alcohol 157–9
asbestos 143–9, 226
Control of Substances Hazardous
to Health (COSHH) Regulations
135–42
dermatitis 152–6
drugs 157–9
lead 149–51
precautions needed 141–2
and REACH 137–8
sharps 161–2
see also chemical hazards
hazards 2, 13, 52–60
biological 46
chemical 44–5, 54–6, 108
environmental 45–6, 57–8
identification of 43–7
mechanical 43–4, 52
organizational 47, 57–8
physical 44, 53–4
procedures for dealing with 72
reporting procedures 23
see also specific hazards
health and safety
aims 7
assessment questionnaire 27–31
assistance 19–20
enforcement of 79
importance of 4–7
performance monitoring 23–4
see also safety policies
Health and Safety at Work (HSW) Act
(1974) 4–5, 11, 17, 66, 68–71
basic regulations 68–9
employee responsibilities 69–71
Health and Safety (Consultation with
Employees) Regulations (1996)
74–7
Health and Safety (Display screen
equipment) Regulations (1992)
172–6
Health and Safety Executive (HSE) 3, 6,
8, 11, 25, 261
HSE Bookfinder 261
‘Plan, Do, Check, Act’ 25
registering a business with 80–1
Health and Safety (Safety Signs and
Signals) Regulations (1996) 76–8
Health and Safety (Sharp Instruments
in Healthcare) Regulations (2013)
161–2
health surveillance 72
hearing checks 193
hearing protection 192–3
health surveillance 193
legal requirements 192–3
maintenance 193
making checks 193
heaters, fire risk 108
home working 9–10
housekeeping 88
Incident Contact Centre 262
incidents see accidents; emergency
procedures
information provision 21
contractors 215–16
display screen equipment use 176
hazardous substances 141–2
noise 193
Institution of Occupational Safety and
Health (IOSH) 21, 262
instructions 21–2
insurance 26
insurance claims 252–3
insurance companies 12–13290 • Index
International Labour Organization
(ILO) 25
ILO-OSH, 2001 25
International Standards Organization
(ISO)
quality standards 24
ISO 45001 25
Ionising Radiations Regulations (1999)
205
ladders 126–30, 266
lead 149–51
health problems associated with
149–50
locations 150–1
precautions at work 151
leaning ladders 127–8
legal framework 66–8
checklists for new businesses 79–81
consultation and safety
representatives 73–6
safety signs and notices 76–8
see also specific regulations
Legionnaire’s disease 159–60
risk reduction 160
Legislation UK 262
lifting see manual handling
lighting 86, 91
likelihood (L) of an incident occurring
49
limit values see exposure limit values
(ELVs)
local authorities 8–9, 11
low-risk premises 8–9
maintenance 86, 88–9, 90–1
of hearing protection 193
of work equipment 123–4
maintenance jobs 216–18 see also
construction
Management of Health and Safety at
Work Regulations (1999) 10–11,
71–3
management responsibilities 16
manual handling 177–85
in construction 226
Manual Handling Operations
Regulations (1992) 179–81
questions 177–9
manual handling risk assessment
checklist 274–5
mechanical hazards 43–4, 52
mobile work equipment 121–2
musculoskeletal disorders 176–85
addressing problems 182–3
implementing solutions 183–4
monitoring effects of measures
194–5
recognising problems 182
see also manual handling
National Examination Board in
Occupational Safety and Health
(NEBOSH) 262
noise 7, 185–93
exposure action levels (EAVs) 188–9
exposure limit values (ELVs) 188–9
hearing protection 192–3
information provision to employees
193
measurement of 187
providing health surveillance 193
recognising problems 186
reduction 190–1
regulations 185–6, 188–9
risk assessment 187–8, 190
risk control 189–90
noise assessment report form 272
obstructions 91
Occupational Health and Safety
Assessment Series 18001 (OHSAS
18001) 24–5
organizational hazards 47, 57–8
outdoor working
and UV radiation 204–5
passport training schemes 21–3
performance monitoring 23–4
permit-to-work system 222
Personal Protective Equipment at Work
Regulations (1992) 162–6
physical hazards 44, 53–4
pregnant women 73
prevention, principles of 71–2
protective equipment 162–6
Provision and Use of Work Equipment
Regulations (1998) 118–19
radiation 202–5
action required 204
ionising 202–3
legislation 205
non-ionising 203–4
outdoor working and UV 204–5
REACH 137–8Index • 291
records
accidents 240
electrical system inspections 112–15
risk assessment 51, 61–3, 142
registering a business 80–1
repetitive strain injury (RSI) 172, 176
see also musculoskeletal disorders
reporting
dermatitis 156
hazards 23
incidents 79, 245–7
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and
Dangerous Occurrences Regulations
(RIDDOR) (2013) 245–7
Representatives of Employee Safety
(ROES) 75
risk 13 see also hazards
risk assessment 42–51, 71
control measure hierarchy 48–9
dermatitis 153–4
driving risks 98–100
fire risk 103–7
hazard identification 43–7
hazardous substances 139–42
keeping records 51, 61–3
keeping up to date 51
likelihood (L) of an incident
occurring 49
noise 187–8, 190
people at risk 47
risk evaluation 48
risk matrix chart 49, 50
self-employed 11
severity/consequences of an
incident 49
risk assessment report form 268
risk control measures 13
evaluation 48
hierarchy of 48–9
risk management 6–7 see also risk
control measures
Robens Report (1972) 5
roof work 130
Royal Society for the Prevention of
Accidents (RoSPA) 262–3
rubbish, fire risk from 108
Safety Assessment Federation (SAFed)
263
safety datasheets 136–7, 140
Safety Health and Environment
Intra Industry Benchmarking
Association (SHEiiBA) 263
safety policies 17–19, 76–8, 326
review 24
Safety Representatives and Safety
Committees Regulations (SRCCR)
(1977) 75
safety signs 76–8
scaffolds 126
Scottish Environment Protection
Agency (SEPA) 12, 263
self-employed 10–11
sharps 161–2
Sheila Pantry Associates Ltd 263
shop emergency procedure 254–5
signs 76–8, 136
slips 89–92
avoidance 90–2
smoking 166–8
fire risk 108
legal restrictions 166–7
secondhand smoke 166
smokefree policy 167–8
Social Security (Claims and
Payments) Regulations (1979)
240
space 86
standards 24–5
stepladders 129
stress 194–6
costs of 194
signs to look for 195
working to reduce 195–6
subcontracting 220–1, 222
sun protection 205
supervision 20–1
contractors 222
dermatitis risk control 156
suppliers 212, 213–15
sustainable business 210
temperature control 86
toilet facilities 93–4
Trade Unions Congress (TUC) 264
traffic routes 87, 94–6, 226–8
training 21, 72
alcohol and drug policy 157
dermatitis risk control 156
display screen equipment use
176
drivers 99
first aid 249
Passport Schemes 21–3
trips 89–92
avoidance 90–2292 • Index
upper limb disorders 172, 176, 182–5
see also musculoskeletal disorders
user manual 141–2
UV radiation
and working outdoors 204–5
VDUs 172–6
vehicles
risk evaluation 100
traffic routes 87, 94–6, 226–8
ventilation 86
vibration 7, 196–202
effects on people 196–7
exposure action values (EAVs) 200,
201
exposure estimation 201
exposure limit values 200, 201
jobs involving vibration 198–9
preventing problems 201–2
regulations 200–1
violence 206–7
washbasins 93–4
welfare facilities 92–4
Whole Body Vibration (WBV) 196
effects on people 196–7
exposure estimation 201
jobs involving WBV 198–9
preventing problems 201–2
see also vibration
windows 86–7
work equipment 117–24
guarding dangerous parts of
machines 120
hand tools 122
maintenance 123–4
mobile equipment 121–2
Provision and Use of Work
Equipment Regulations (1998)
118–19
risk identification 117–18, 119
using machinery safely 119–20
Upper Limb Disorders (ULD)
172, 176, 182–5 see also
musculoskeletal disorders
working at height (WAH) 124–30,
222
ladders 126–30
Regulations (2005) 125–6
roof work 130
scaffolds 126
specialist access equipment 130
stepladders 129
see also construction
Working Well Together 264
Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations (1992) 86–94
access and egress 87–8
maintenance and cleanliness 88–9
slips and trips 89–92
welfare 92–4
workplace inspection form 269
workplace inspections 23, 37–40
workstation self-assessment checklist
280–1
workstations 86
computer workstations 172–5
see also display screen equipment
young persons 73
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