Admin مدير المنتدى
عدد المساهمات : 19002 التقييم : 35506 تاريخ التسجيل : 01/07/2009 الدولة : مصر العمل : مدير منتدى هندسة الإنتاج والتصميم الميكانيكى
| موضوع: كتاب Petroleum Refining Design and Applications Handbook - Volume 2 الإثنين 07 مارس 2022, 5:39 pm | |
|
أخواني في الله أحضرت لكم كتاب Petroleum Refining Design and Applications Handbook - Volume 2 • Rules of Thumb • Process Planning, Scheduling and Flowsheet Design • Process Piping Design • Pumps • Compressors • Process safety Incidents A. Kayode Coker
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents Preface xv Acknowledgements xvii 13 Rules of Thumb—Summary 1 13.0 Introduction 1 14 Process Planning, Scheduling, and Flowsheet Design 19 14.1 Introduction 19 14.2 Organizational Structure 20 14.2.1 Process Design Scope 21 14.3 Role of the Process Design Engineer 23 14.4 Computer-Aided Flowsheeting 24 14.5 Flowsheets—Types 26 14.5.1 Block Diagram 26 14.5.2 Process Flowsheet or Flow Diagram 26 14.5.3 Piping Flowsheet or Mechanical Flow Diagram, or Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) 27 14.5.4 Combined Process and Piping Flowsheet or Diagram 32 14.5.5 Utility Flowsheets or Diagrams (ULDs) 32 14.5.6 Special Flowsheets or Diagrams 36 14.5.7 Special or Supplemental Aids 36 14.6 Flowsheet Presentation 36 14.7 General Arrangements Guide 36 14.8 Computer-Aided Flowsheet Design/Drafting 38 14.9 Flowsheet Symbols 40 14.10 Line Symbols and Designations 43 14.11 Materials of Construction for Lines 46 14.12 Test Pressure for Lines 47 14.13 Working Schedules 56 14.14 Information Checklists 61 14.15 Basic Engineering and Front End Engineering Design (FEED) 63 References 64 15 Fluid Flow 65 15.1 Introduction 65 15.2 Flow of Fluids in Pipes 65 15.3 Scope 70 15.4 Basis 72 15.5 Incompressible Flow 72 15.6 Compressible Flow: Vapors and Gases 73 15.7 Important Pressure Level References 75 15.8 Factors of “Safety” for Design Basis 75 15.9 Pipe, Fittings, and Valves 75 15.10 Pipe 75x Contents 15.11 Total Line Pressure Drop 78 15.11.1 Relationship Between the Pipe Diameter and Pressure Drop (ΔP) 80 15.11.2 Economic Balance in Piping and Optimum Pipe Diameter 82 15.12 Reynolds Number, Re (Sometimes Used NRe) 83 15.13 Pipe Relative Roughness 85 15.14 Darcy Friction Factor, f 85 15.15 Friction Head Loss (Resistance) in Pipe, Fittings, and Connections 94 15.15.1 Pressure Drop in Straight Pipe: Incompressible Fluid 94 15.16 Oil System Piping 96 15.16.1 Density and Specific Gravity 97 15.16.2 Specific Gravity of Blended Products 98 15.16.3 Viscosity 98 15.16.4 Viscosity of Blended Products 100 15.16.5 Blending Index, H 101 15.16.6 Vapor Pressure 101 15.16.7 Velocity 101 15.16.8 Frictional Pressure Drop, ft of Liquid Head 104 15.16.9 Hazen–Williams Equation 105 15.16.10 Transmission Factor 107 15.16.11 Miller Equation 112 15.16.12 Shell–MIT Equation 113 15.17 Pressure Drop in Fittings, Valves, and Connections 116 15.17.1 Incompressible Fluid 116 15.17.2 Velocity and Velocity Head 116 15.17.3 Equivalent Lengths of Fittings 117 15.17.4 L/D Values in Laminar Region 120 15.17.5 Validity of K Values 122 15.17.6 Laminar Flow 122 15.17.7 Expressing All Pipe Sizes in Terms of One Diameter 124 15.17.8 Loss Coefficient 128 15.17.9 Sudden Enlargement or Contraction 134 15.17.10 For Sudden Contractions 134 15.17.11 Piping Systems 136 15.18 Resistance of Valves 136 15.19 Flow Coefficients for Valves, C v 137 15.20 Flow Meters 138 15.20.1 Process Design of Orifice Meter 138 15.20.2 Nozzles and Orifices 142 Conclusion 167 15.21 Estimation of Pressure Loss Across Control Valves 169 15.22 The Direct Design of a Control Valve 173 15.23 Water Hammer 173 15.24 Friction Pressure Drop for Compressible Fluid Flow 175 15.24.1 Compressible Fluid Flow in Pipes 176 15.24.2 Maximum Flow and Pressure Drop 177 15.24.3 Sonic Conditions Limiting Flow of Gases and Vapors 177 15.24.4 The Mach Number, Ma 182 15.24.5 Critical Pressure Ratio 197 15.24.6 Adiabatic Flow 200 15.24.7 The Expansion Factor, Y 201 15.24.8 Misleading Rules of Thumb for Compressible Fluid Flow 203Contents xi 15.24.9 Other Simplified Compressible Flow Methods 204 15.24.10 Friction Drop for Flow of Vapors, Gases and Steam 205 15.25 Darcy Rational Relation for Compressible Vapors and Gases 213 15.26 Velocity of Compressible Fluids in Pipe 215 15.27 Procedure 228 15.28 Friction Drop for Compressible Natural Gas in Long Pipe Lines 231 15.29 Panhandle-A Gas Flow Formula 235 15.30 Modified Panhandle Flow Formula 237 15.31 American Gas Association (AGA) Dry Gas Method 237 15.32 Complex Pipe Systems Handling Natural (or Similar) Gas 237 15.33 Two-Phase Liquid and Gas Flow in Process Piping 239 15.33.1 Flow Patterns 239 15.33.2 Flow Regimes 242 15.33.3 Pressure Drop 243 15.33.4 Erosion–Corrosion 248 15.33.5 Total System Pressure Drop 250 15.33.6 Pipe Sizing Rules 257 15.33.7 A Solution for All Two-Phase Problems 261 15.33.8 Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Vertical Down Flow 270 15.33.9 Pressure Drop in Vacuum Systems 277 15.33.10 Low Absolute Pressure Systems for Air 279 15.33.11 Vacuum for Other Gases and Vapors 281 15.33.12 Pressure Drop for Flashing Liquids 284 15.33.13 Sizing Condensate Return Lines 286 15.34 UniSim Design PIPESYS 295 15.35 Pipe Line Safety 300 15.36 Mitigating Pipeline Hazards 301 15.37 Examples of Safety Design Concerns 301 15.38 Safety Incidents Related With Pipeworks and Materials of Construction 303 15.39 Lessons Learned From Piping Designs 319 15.40 Design of Safer Piping 320 15.40.1 Best Practices for Process Piping 320 15.40.2 Designing Liquid Piping 321 15.40.3 Best Practices for Liquid Piping 322 Nomenclature 324 Greek Symbols 326 Subscripts 327 References 327 16 Pumps 331 16.1 Pumping of Liquids 331 16.2 Pump Design Standardization 336 16.3 Basic Parts of a Centrifugal Pump 336 16.4 Centrifugal Pump Selection 341 16.5 Hydraulic Characteristics for Centrifugal Pumps 359 16.6 Suction Head or Suction Lift, h s 367 16.7 Discharge Head, hd 369 16.8 Velocity Head 369 16.9 Friction 370 16.10 Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) and Pump Suction 370 16.11 General Suction System 378xii Contents 16.12 Reductions in NPSH R 384 16.13 Charting NPSHR Values of Pumps 384 16.14 Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) 386 16.15 NPSH Requirement for Liquids Saturation With Dissolved Gases 388 16.16 Specific Speed 390 16.17 Rotative Speed 394 16.18 Pumping Systems and Performance 395 16.19 Power Requirements for Pumping Through Process Lines 399 16.20 Affinity Laws 405 16.21 Centrifugal Pump Efficiency 417 16.22 Effects of Viscosity 421 16.23 Temperature Rise and Minimum Flow 436 16.24 Centrifugal Pump Specifications 440 16.25 Number of Pumping Units 441 16.26 Rotary Pumps 448 16.27 Reciprocating Pumps 452 16.28 Pump Selection 456 16.29 Selection Rules-of-Thumb 456 16.30 Case Studies 459 16.31 Pump Cavitations 464 16.32 Pump Fundamentals 474 16.33 Operating Philosophy 475 16.34 Piping 485 16.35 Troubleshooting Checklist for Centrifugal Pumps 485 Nomenclature 493 Subscripts 494 Greek Symbols 495 References 495 17 Compression Equipment 497 17.1 Introduction 497 17.2 General Application Guide 498 17.3 Specification Guides 499 17.4 General Considerations for Any Type of Compressor Flow Conditions 501 17.4.1 Fluid Properties 501 17.4.2 Compressibility 502 17.4.3 Corrosive Nature 502 17.4.4 Moisture 502 17.4.5 Special Conditions 502 17.5 Reciprocating Compression 503 17.6 Suction and Discharge Valves 514 17.7 Specification Sheet 523 17.8 Performance Considerations 524 17.9 Compressor Performance Characteristics 557 17.10 Hydrogen Use in the Refinery 594 17.10.1 IsoTherming Technology for Kerosene, Vacuum Gas Oil, and Diesel Hydroprocessing 595 Nomenclature 829 Greek Symbols 832Contents xiii Subscripts 832 References 833 Glossary of Petroleum and Technical Terminology 837 Appendix D 929 Appendix E 1005 Index 1019 About the Author Index Abrasion, 349 Abrasiveness, 175 Absorber, 28 Absorption, 1, 4, 6 Accumulator, 159 Adiabatic, 73, 185, 200, 205, 207, 244 ADIP, 158 Adsorbent, 269 Aftercooler, 149–151, 154–156 AGA, 237 Alignment, 13 Alkylation, 99, 312–316, 478 Allowable, 348, 438 Altercooler, 153, 159 Annular, 240 ANSI, 76, 122, 322 API, 97–98, 126, 307, 310, 313, 320, 323 Axial, 173, 312, 332, 347, 390, 458 Backplate, 163 Bearing, 345–346, 489, 491 Bearings, 174, 189, 245 Bellows, 339 Below, 87 Bernoulli, 73, 140, 148, 201 Bhp, 419–420, 452 Block, 26, 34, 52 Blowdown, 45, 52 Blower, 42, 44, 51 Brake, 438 Breaker, 374–375, 379, 485 Bubble, 240 Bubbles, 368, 370–374 Bushing, 182 Cameron, 75, 120, 225, 295, 324, 327, 366, 381, 397, 495 CAPCOST, 1, 4, 6 Cavitating, 373–374, 407, 420, 468 Centifugal, 187 Centistokes, 100, 295, 422, 425–426 Centrifugal, 1, 42, 44, 58–59, 101, 157 Chattering, 326 Checklist, 61 Chen, 91–92, 94, 251, 284, 327 Chenoweth, 328 Choke, 200 Churchill, 91–92 Clearance, 136, 312 Code, 322–323 Codes, 23, 40, 43, 50, 52–53 Coker, 65–66, 243, 327–3281020 Index Colebrook, 87, 91, 107–109, 114, 130, 231, 327 Combustion, 495 Compressibility, 6, 31, 40–66, 68, 78, 87, 144, 146–147, 186, 226, 249, 280, 326, 337 Compression, 33, 79–84, 86–89, 298, 312 Compressor, 41–42, 44–45, 51, 295, 320–321 Compressors, 1, 4, 6, 86, 173, 244 Computer, 23–24, 38–39 Condensable, 6, 229, 298, 336 Control, 178, 197, 200, 281, 300, 317, 338–339 Conveyor, 1, 4, 6 Cooler, 121, 178, 259, 268 Cooling, 28, 76, 152, 158, 186, 329 Corrosion, 55–56, 75, 248, 300, 349, 416, 418, 473, 482 Corrosive, 6 Corrosiveness, 6, 175 Cracked, 309 Cracking, 101, 104, 196, 269 Crane, 130 Crankcase, 322 Crankshaft, 327 Crude, 27, 35 Cryogenic, 1, 338 Cyclone, 41 Cyclones, 1, 4, 6 Damping, 315 Darby, 435 Debottleneck, 269 Debutaniser, 473, 476 Debutanizer, 158–159 Desulfurization, 28 Desulphurization, 103 Dew, 151 Dewpoint, 315 Diesel, 99, 102–104 Discharge, 80, 146, 152, 157, 160, 216–217, 225, 324, 342, 416, 418, 450 Dispersed, 240–242, 246, 250, 258, 273 Distillation, 20, 23 Downflow, 258, 270, 276 Driver, 58–59 Drivers, 1, 4, 6, 30, 338 Drum, 1, 4, 6, 43, 51 Drying, 1, 315, 324, 329 Dukler, 261–263, 268, 290, 328 Economic, 19, 23, 25–26, 63 Efficiency, 416–418, 422, 440, 463–464, 493, 495 Ejector, 1, 4, 5, 6, 45, 51, 176 Ejectors, 278–281, 328 Embrittlement, 161 Emergency, 329 Enthalpy, 31–33, 39–40, 87, 108, 121, 123, 211–212, 214, 217–218, 220, 283, 290–291, 334 Entrainment, 309, 325, 328, 485 Entropy, 40, 215, 291, 337 Environmental, 490 Equipment, 19–21, 23–27, 36, 38, 41, 43, 47, 50–51, 53, 58, 63 Erosion, 310, 416, 418 Exchanger, 1, 4, 6 Exchangers, 27, 58 Exhaust, 151, 153–155 Expanders, 86 Explosion, 478 Factors, 72, 75, 117, 127, 171, 202, 219, 278, 327, 424, 427 Failure, 327, 329 Fan, 1, 4, 6 Fanning, 68, 72–73, 86, 94, 201, 253, 324 Fatalities, 303, 307, 317 Fatigue, 18–19, 26 Fenske, 1, 4, 6 Fittings, 54–55 Flammable, 16, 316, 479 Flashing, 284–286, 289, 329, 373–374, 485 Flixborough, 316–317 Flowsheet, 19, 21, 24–27, 36, 38–39, 43–44, 50–52, 56, 298, 459 Flowsheeting, 24–25, 64 Fluidization, 1, 4, 6 Fluorocarbon, 168–169 Fouling, 1, 4, 6 Friction, 280 Froth, 240, 274 Froude, 270, 273–276 Furnace, 293 Gas, 158 Gasoline, 96–97, 105–106, 109, 126, 303, 307, 309 Gear, 332, 449 Gearbox, 158, 320, 402, 405 Geometrically, 227, 278, 390, 406 Governor, 188, 283 Guidelines, 456 Hazard, 23, 63, 303, 310, 313–314, 318–321 Hazardous, 24, 36, 58, 480, 492 Hazards, 441, 480Index 1021 HAZOP, 23, 40, 316 Heptane, 256, 462 Heuristics, 1, 167 Hexane, 69–71, 261, 461 Homogeneous, 265, 327 Hooper, 129–132, 136, 327 Horsepower, 347–348, 353, 402, 405, 407, 422, 428, 456 Horsepowers, 204, 288 Hydraulic, 212 Hydrocarbon, 40, 64 Hydrocarbonprocessing, 496 Hydrocracker, 26 Hydrocracking, 99, 101 Hydrofluoric, 478, 482 Hydrogenation, 13, 99 Hydroprocessing, 99 Hydrotreater, 28 Hydrotreating, 103–104 Impeller, 162, 173, 333, 391 Incidents, 487 Incompressible, 96, 140, 143, 148, 201, 203, 459 Index, 101, 248 Inherent, 171, 315, 320 Inherently, 102, 310, 318 Instrument, 27, 39–40, 42, 46, 52 Insulation, 23–24, 27, 58, 176, 249, 302 Integrity, 481 Intercooler, 75, 152 Intermittent, 261 Interstage, 76, 157–158, 162, 164, 191, 271 Isenthalpic, 290 Isentropic, 73, 86, 198, 200–201 Isentropically, 81 Isoamylene, 70 Isobaric, 31 Isobutane, , 63–64, 313–314, 316 Isolation, 478 Isometric, 168, 469 Isometrics, 22, 39 Isopentane, 249 Isothermal, 31–32, 75, 176, 183, 185, 196, 201, 205, 215, 328 Jacket, 312 Kinetics, 1, 4, 6 Knockout, 1 Labyrinth, 182, 216 Laminar, 72, 99, 120, 122 Lapple, 328 Leakage, 101, 182, 313, 321 Leaks, 300, 317, 322 Liquefied, 157, 323 Lockhart, 243–244, 246, 257, 260–261 Louvar, 319, 329 Lubricant, 489 Lubricants, 6, 99 Mach, 180, 182–183, 185, 187, 188, 190, 194–195, 197–198, 204, 227, 228–229, 275, 289, 308, 334 Machine, 178, 202, 244 Machinery, 480 Maintenance, 82, 249, 302–303, 307–308, 312, 316, 318–320, 349, 495–496 Malfunctions, 485 Manufacturers, 23, 52 Martinelli, 243–244, 246–248, 252, 257, 260–261, 328 Material, 19, 21, 23, 25–27, 40, 42, 47, 50, 61, 63 Materials, 303, 311 Mechanical, 19, 21–23, 26–27, 32, 36, 39–41, 50, 58, 87–89, 292, 333, 336, 340, 444–445, 456, 479, 481, 488–489, 495 Metallurgical, 304, 308 Misalignment, 488–489 Mixing, 2, 4, 6 Model, 68, 265, 297–298, 313 Modeling, 469 Modulus, 174, 244–248, 257–258, 260–261 Moisture, 154 Monograph, 231, 233–235, 237, 328 Moody, 70, 72–74, 85–87, 91–92, 94, 107–108, 112, 115, 117, 120, 127–128, 153, 156, 162, 165, 235–236, 251, 253, 284, 324, 327 Mpeller, 187 Multicomponent, 2, 248 Multiphase, 328 Naphtha, 26, 151–152, 303 Nelson, 181 Nitrobenzene, 168 NPSH, 2, 4, 6, 117 NPSHA, 80, 331, 345, 371–374, 376–388, 390, 394, 411, 438, 440, 456, 464, 468–469, 471, 473–475, 477, 485, 487–489, 492 NPSHr, 470–471 NPHSR, 371 Operations, 19, 21, 39–41 Optimization, 24–25 Organization, 19–211022 Index Orifice, 42, 44, 53, 432, 464 Orifices, 68, 142–145, 176, 201, 207, 210, 217, 221–226, 324, 326 OSHA, 40, 305, 485, 496 Overpressure, 302, 448 Packing, 15 Packings, 495 Panhandle, 73, 231, 235–237, 253 Patterns, 239–241, 257, 265, 270, 273, 285 Petrochemical, 331, 344, 359, 492 Petroleum, 2, 4, 6, 19–20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 96–103, 105–107, 138, 157, 300–301, 303, 320, 322–323 PFD, 63, 459, 462, 464 PHA, 320 Pigging, 297–298, 300 Pipeline, 184, 253, 298, 300–301, 321, 329, 417 Pipesys, 295, 297–299, 328, 464 Pipework, 65, 168, 316–318 Piping, 2, 4, 6, 21, 23–25, 27, 32, 34, 36, 38–39, 45, 47, 50, 52–56, 58 Plug, 121, 132, 134, 240–242, 244, 252, 258, 261, 265, 273, 313, 316 Plunger, 326, 332, 452, 454 Polyatomic, 57 Polymerization, 63, 92, 241, 308 Polytropic, 33, 175, 207, 244, 270, 291 Power, 416, 418 Pressure, 342, 383 Process, 19–23, 25–29, 31–33, 35, 37, 39–43, 45–51, 53, 55–64 Propane, 190, 195, 309, 311 Propeller, 2 PSHA, 488 Pulsating, 80, 273 Pulsation, 196, 303, 310, 485 Pump, 36, 51–52, 58–59, 158–159, 342, 416, 418, 455 Pumps, 2, 4, 6 Purge, 8, 28 Radial, 337, 458 Ratings, 350 Reaction, 36, 52 Reactor, 2, 4, 6 Reactors, 27, 104, 307, 316–318 Reboiler, 120, 242, 246 Reciprocating, 2, 4, 6, 454, 458 Refineries, 96, 303, 305, 309–310, 313–314, 320 Refining, 2, 19–20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 82, 307, 313 Reforming, 20, 191 Refrigeration, 191, 324 Regenerators, 2 Regime, 83, 240, 242–246, 248, 250, 260–262, 265, 270 Relief, 177–178, 239, 302, 317, 319–321, 323, 326, 329, 448, 450, 492 Retainer, 186 Retrofti, 339 Reynolds, 280, 334 Rotary, 2, 4, 6, 332, 383, 391–392, 424, 427, 448–449, 495 Rotating, 178, 338, 451, 488 Rotor, 449–451 Roughness, 72, 85–88, 327 Rupture, 175, 249, 304, 307, 321, 492 Ruskin, 289–290, 329 Safeguards, 479 Safer, 320, 329 Safety, 75, 80, 169, 177–178, 249, 257, 287, 300, 303, 307, 312, 318–321, 323, 341, 416, 418, 481–482, 485, 496 Sarco, 71, 287–288, 328 Saturated, 85, 118, 179, 217, 326 Saturation, 284 Saybolt, 100–101 Schedule, 122, 214–215, 254, 297 Schedules, 23, 50, 58, 61 Scope, 20–22, 26, 61 Sealing, 416, 418 Sealless, 332 Seals, 161–162, 175, 181, 189, 338 Segregated, 261 Separator, 120, 239 Separators, 23, 51 Sequence, 26, 32, 36, 47, 50, 63 Sequestration, 318 Serghides, 93 Shaft, 333, 342–343 Shutdowns, 489 Simulation, 24, 63, 459–462, 464 Size, 78, 218, 296–297 Slug, 240, 274 Slugging, 297–298 Slugs, 328 Sonic, 177, 181, 187, 194, 202, 228, 282, 326 Sour, 157, 416, 418Index 1023 Specifications, 22–23, 27, 36, 50, 52–56, 58 Spirax, 288, 328 Stagnation, 198, 203–204 Standard, 34, 40, 54 Stationary, 186–187, 336, 339–341, 452 Stator, 4, 101, 293, 295 Steam, 5, 19, 30, 185, 187–188, 320 Stirrer, 2 Stonewall, 198, 272 Storage, 34, 41–42 Strain, 328 Strainer, 45, 51, 90, 415–418, 479 Stratified, 240–242, 245, 252, 258, 261 Streamlined, 277, 280 Strokes, 452, 456 Stuffing, 336, 339, 489 Subcooling, 372 Subsonic, 185 Suction, 80, 101, 117, 119–120, 151, 153, 157, 161–162, 165–166, 179, 245, 277, 284 Sulfidation, 304 Sulfuric, 118, 168 Superheatsteam, 218 Supersonic, 182 Surge, 198–199, 302 Surging, 197, 200 Sustainable, 101 Synthesis, 24–25 Tailpipes, 319 Technology 48–50, 58–62 Tesoro, 304 Texas, 307, 309 Thermodynamic, 72 Throat, 339 Throttle, 468 Throttling, 336, 376, 378, 419, 479 Thumb, 2, 4, 6 Toxic, 16, 299 Transmission, 107–109, 211, 231–232, 251–253, 321, 324 Traps, 249, 287–288, 319 Troubleshooting, 1, 19, 40, 290, 322, 328, 485, 488–489, 495 Turbine, 2, 320, 332, 334, 495 Turbocompressors, 338 Turbomachinery, 271 Turbulence, 446–447, 492 Underwood, 2 Upstream, 399, 478 Vacuum, 70–71, 75, 177, 181, 250, 277, 281–285, 310, 324–325, 380–382, 477 Valve, 90, 158, 177, 315 Vapor, 383 Vapors, 75, 118–119, 122, 137, 173, 175–177, 181, 220–223, 225 Vaporization, 325, 371 Vaporizing, 371 Vent, 170, 177, 185, 317, 319, 342 Vents, 32, 38 Venting, 177, 273, 276, 307, 317 Venturi, 44, 138, 140, 201 Vessel, 2, 4, 6, 379–381, 476 Vessels, 116, 123, 136, 260, 277, 319, 323 Vibration, 174, 182, 270, 275–276, 322–324, 489, 491 Vibrations, 227, 330 Visbreaker, 26 Viscosity, 342, 424, 427 Vortexing, 374, 446, 485 Washdown, 157 Washer, 333 Wastewater, 61 Water, 34, 43, 62, 64 Wave, 240–242, 245, 258 Wavy, 261 Workflow, 63 Worksheet, 32
كلمة سر فك الضغط : books-world.net The Unzip Password : books-world.net أتمنى أن تستفيدوا من محتوى الموضوع وأن ينال إعجابكم رابط من موقع عالم الكتب لتنزيل كتاب Petroleum Refining Design and Applications Handbook - Volume 2 رابط مباشر لتنزيل كتاب Petroleum Refining Design and Applications Handbook - Volume 2
|
|