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عدد المساهمات : 19001 التقييم : 35505 تاريخ التسجيل : 01/07/2009 الدولة : مصر العمل : مدير منتدى هندسة الإنتاج والتصميم الميكانيكى
| موضوع: كتاب Principles of CAD - A Coursebook الأربعاء 17 يوليو 2019 - 13:24 | |
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أخوانى فى الله أحضرت لكم كتاب Principles of CAD - A Coursebook a. J. Medland, Glen Mullineux
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents Authors' Preface How to Use This Book Section 1 the Design Process Module 1.1 the Relationship Between Geometry And Function 2 Specification of Needs 2 Deriving Functions 3 Geometric Form 4 Geometry-based Information 5 Module 1.2 the Form of the Design Process 7 Interdependency of Design 8 Anatomy of Design 9 Morphology of Design 10 Over-constrained Design 10 Under-constrained Design 11 Module 1.3 Traditional Drawing Practices 12 Communication of Engineering Information 12 Drawing Representation by Drafting and CAD 13 A Referencefor Engineering Information 13 Changing Role of the Drawing Within CAD 13 The Engineering Database 14 Module 1.4 the Development of the CAD Industry 15 Graphical Displays 15 Interactive Drawing 15 Styled Surfaces 15 Design-based Origins of CAD/camsystems 16vi Three-dimesional Modelling 17 The Manufacturing Interface 18 Current System Availability 18 Exercises 19 Section 2 System Configuration 21 Module 2.1 Workstations 23 Vector Display Screens 23 Direct-view Storage Screens 23 Raster Display Screens 24 Special-purpose Facilities 26 Cursor Key Input Devices 27 Direct Cursor Control Devices 27 Direct Pointing Devices 27 Tablet and Menu Input Procedures 28 Choice of Input Device 28 Module 2.2 Computers-mainframes to Micros 29 Time-sharing Facilities 29 Mini-computer Turnkey Systems 30 Micro-computer Systems 31 The Workstation Approach 32 Further Changes in Computational Facilities 32 Module 2.3 Output Devices 33 Pictorial Output 34 Terminal Printers and Plotters 34 Pen Plotters 35 Speed Limitations 36 Electrostatic Plotters 36 Laser Scanning and Microf Ilming 37 Summary 37 Module 2.4 Data Storage 37 Management of Data 38 Main Design File 39 Direct Support Files 39 Alternative Design Files 39 Personal Files 39 Design Approval 40 Short-term Storage 40 Archiving and Retrieval 40 Control of Data 41 Module 2.5 Networked Systems 42 Independent Workstations 42 Network File-handling 43 Networks Reflecting the Design Process 44 Exercises 45 Section 3 Entity Descriptions 47 Module 3.1 Points, Lines and Circular Arcs 48 Cartesian Coordinates 48 Nodes 50 Entities 51vii Node and Entity Lists 53 Module 3.2 Basic Geometric Manipulations 54 Insertion 54 Deletion 54 Translation and Rotation 55 Move and Copy 56 Intersections and Trimming 56 Storage and Retrieval 58 Module 3.3 Free-form Curves 1 58 Explicit and Implicit Functions 59 Use of Parameters 59 Ferguson Cubics 59 Bezier Cubics 60 More General Bezier Forms 61 Problems of High Degree Curves 63 Summary 64 Module 3.4 Free-form Curves 2 64 Homogeneous Coordinates 65 The Bezier Rational Quadratic Form 65 B-spline Segments 67 B-spline Basis Functions 68 An Example 70 Some Properties and Local Control 70 Module 3.5 Finding Intersections of Free-form Curves 72 Iterative Solution of Simultaneous Equations 72 Boxes 72 Subdivision and the De Castetjau Algorithm 72 The Intersection Algorithm 74 Summary 76 Module 3.6 Surfaces 76 Ruled Surfaces 76 Bezier and B-spline Patches 77 Putting Patches Together 80 User Interactionforsurface Creation 80 Exercises 83 Section 4 View Transformations 85 Module 4.1 Two-dimensional Transformationspan, Rotate and Zoom 86 Zoom 86 Pan and Rotate 86 Operations on the Node List 87 Coordinatesfor the Display 88 Clipping 89 Module 4.2 Three-dimensional Transformation Matrices 89 View Direction 89 Homogeneous Coordinates 90 Matrix Transformations 90viii A Single Form of Transform 92 Module 4.3 Axial and Observer Systems 92 Line of Sight 93 Viewing Rotations 93 Observer Coordinates 93 Compound Transformations 94 Order of Viewing and Display Transformations 95 Module 4.4 the Use of Perspective 96 The Depth Coordinate 96 The Introduction of Perspective 97 Matrix Form 97 Effects of the Eye Coordinates 98 Module 4.5 Multi-view Presentations 99 Two-dimensional CAD 99 Three-dimensional CAD - Only One Model 99 Multiple Viewsfrom the Model 99 User Interaction With Multiple Views 101 Module 4.6 Advanced Viewing Techniques 101 Intensity Cueing 102 Graphics Processing in the Workstation 102 Real-time Transformations 103 Stereoscopic Techniques 103 Genuine Three Dimensions 103 Exercises 104 Section 5 Types of CAD Modelling Systems 107 Module 5.1 Two-dimensional Drafting Practice 108 Orthographic Projection 108 Orthogonal Planes 110 First and Third Angle Projections 110 Standards 113 Use of CAD 115 Module 5.2 Three-dimensional Wffieframe Models 116 Problems of Wireframe Representation 116 Hidden Line Removal 117 Module 5.3 Surface Modelling 118 Use of Surface Patches 118 Face Lists 119 Surfaces Only Where Needed 120 Advantages of Surface Modeuers 121 Mqdxjle 5.4 Solid Modelling 121 Volumetric and Other Properties 121 Constructive Solid Geometry 122 Boundary Representation 125 Comparison of Csg, B-rep and Surface Modelling Approaches 125 Speed of Response 127ix Module 5.5 Display of Solid Models 127 Hidden Line and Surface Removal 127 Surface Shading 129 Needfor High Quality Shaded Images 130 Exercises 130 Section 6 the User Interface 133 Module 6.1 User Command Language 134 Numeric Input 134 Command-driven Programs 134 Verb-noun Commands 135 Additional Qualifiers 135 Command Interpretation 136 Module 6.2 Use of Menus 136 Menus on the Tablet 137 User Configuration of the Menu 138 Special Symbols 138 Function Boxes 138 On-screen Menus 139 Pull-down Menus 140 Module 6.3 Graphics Interface Languages 141 Graphics Libraries 141 Needfor Tailoring a CAD System 142 Use of Macros of Commands 142 Graphics Interface Languages 142 Two Examples 144 Module 6.4 Use of Parametrics 145 Parameters in Design Rules 146 Use of the Graphics Interface Language 146 Use of the Command Language 146 Use of Ajournalfile 147 Summary 147 Exercises 148 Section 7 System Effectiveness and Organization 149 Module 7.1 Information Flow 151 Stimulation of Design Activities 151 Resource Balance 152 Major Resources 152 Customer-related Information 152 Subcontract-related Information 153 Factory Output 153 Internal Flows 153 Downstream Manufacturing Information 153 Module 7.2 Establishing Design Needs 154 The Drafting Process 155 Standards and Codes of Practice 156 Social Interaction and Experience 156 Assessing Individual Processes 156x Establishing Design Needs 157 Module 7.3 Identifying Benefits 158 Drawing Productivity 158 Intitial Savings 158 Minimum Staffing Levels 158 Downstream Justification 159 Product Development Cycle 159 Accurate Geometric Description 160 Accurate Jigs and Fixtures ·161 Considering Alternative Designs 161 Reduction in Delays 162 Other Areas of Benefit 163 Individual Justification 163 Module 7.4 Training for Operation 163 Use of Vendor Training 163 Reasons Givenfor Limiting Training 164 Skills Required 164 CADicamawareness 164 Training for Simple Interaction 165 Full Operator Training 165 . System Management 165 Systems Development 166 On-going Training 166 Module 7.5 Working Environment 167 Theproblems 167 Air Conditioning and Heating 167 Lighting 168 Individual Work Areas 168 Seating 169 Benefits of Good Ergonomics 169 Module 7.6 Design and Social Structure 169 Needfor Planning an Installation 169 Processes to Be Performed 170 Pivotal Activities 170 Interacting Factors 171 Company Size 172 Existing Level of Technology 172 Departmental Structure 172 Module 7.7 System Management 173 Monitoring Use of Correct Procedures 173 Using CAD at the Appropriate Time 173 Priorities 174 Maintaining the System 174 System Manager - a Key Company Role 175 Exercises 175 Section 8 Applications Programs 177 Module 8.1 Analysis-centred Applications Programs 178 Finite Element Analysis 179 Electronic Circuit Analysis 182xi Kinematic Modelling 185 Printed Circuit Board Layout 188 Module 8.2 Manufacturing-centred Applications Programs 191 Cmnputer-aided Manufacture 192 Robotic Assembly 195 Mould Design 198 Module 8.3 Control-centred Applications Programs 200 Expert Systems 201 Further Reading 205 Index
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