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أخوانى فى الله أحضرت لكم كتاب
CNC Programming and Operations Manual
وهو من أفضل وأسهل الكتب فى تعلم برمجة ماكينات التحكم CNC Machines
ويتناول الموضوعات الأتية :
Section 1 - Introduction Effectivity Notation 1-1 Getting Started 1-2 Programming Concepts 1-3 Programs 1-3 Axis Descriptions 1-3 X Axis 1-3 Y Axis 1-4 Z Axis 1-4 Defining Positions 1-4 Polar Coordinates 1-5 Absolute Positioning 1-5 Incremental Positioning 1-6 Angle Measurement 1-6 Plane Selection 1-7 Arc Direction 1-8 Section 2 - CNC Console and Software Basics The Console 2-1 Keypad 2-2 AlphanumericKeys 2-2 Editing Keys 2-5 CNC Keyboard (Option) 2-5 Soft Keys (F1)to (F10) 2-6 Manual Panel 2-6 Software Basics 2-6 Pop-Up Menus 2-6 Screen Saver 2-6 Clearing Entries 2-6 Operator Prompts 2-7 Cursor 2-7 Typing Over and Inserting Text 2-7 Deleting Text 2-7 Messages/Error Messages 2-8 Section 3 - Manual Operation and Machine Setup Powering Onthe CNC 3-1 Shutting Down the CNC 3-1 Emergency Stop (E-STOP) 3-1 Activating/Resetting the Servos 3-2 Manual Panel 3-2 Manual PanelKeys 3-3 Manual PanelLEDs 3-4 Manual Mode Screen 3-5 Machine Status Display Area Labels 3-6 Program Area Labels 3-6 Manual Mode Settings 3-7 Activating Manual Mode Rapid or Feed 3-9 Adjusting Rapid Move Speed 3-9 Absolute Mode 3-9 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents vi All rights reserved Subject to change without notice 21-January-06 Jog Moves 3-10 Changing the Jog Mode 3-10 Selecting an Axis 3-10 Jogging the Machine (Incremental Moves) 3-11 Jogging the Machine (Continuous Moves) 3-11 Manual Data Input Mode 3-11 Using Manual Data Input Mode 3-12 Operating the Handwheel(Optional) 3-12 Section 4 - Preparatory Functions: G-Codes Rapid Traverse (G0) 4-2 Linear Interpolation (G1) 4-3 Angular Motion Programming Example 4-4 Circular Interpolation (G2 and G3) 4-5 Examples of Circular Interpolation 4-6 Dwell (G4) 4-9 Programming Non-modal Exact Stop Check (G9)4-10 Plane Selection (G17, G18,G19) 4-10 Setting Software Limits (G22) 4-12 Returning to Reference Point (Machine Home)(G28) 4-14 Automatic Return from Reference Point (G29)4-15 Probe Move(G31) 4-15 Fixture Offsets (Work Coordinate System Select), (G53) 4-16 Fixture Offset Table 4-16 Activating the Fixture Offset Table 4-16 Changing Fixture Offsets in the Table 4-17 Adjusting Fixture Offsets in the Table4-17 Changing Fixture Offsets Using Calibrate Soft Keys 4-17 G53 Programming Examples 4-17 Modal Corner Rounding/Chamfering (G59, G60) 4-18 In-Position Mode (ExactStop Check) (G61) 4-20 Automatic Feedrate Override for Arcs (G62,G63) 4-20 Contouring Mode (Cutting Mode) (G64) 4-21 User Macros (G65, G66,G67) 4-21 Axis Rotation (G68) 4-24 Activating Inch (G70) or MM (G71)Mode 4-28 Axis Scaling (G72) 4-29 Activating Absolute (G90) or Incremental (G91) Mode 4-29 Absolute Zero Point Programming (G92) 4-30 Feed in IPM (G94) 4-30 Feed Per Revolution (G95) 4-30 Adjusting Feedrate 4-31 Section 5 - Ellipses, Spirals, Canned Cycles, and Subprograms Ellipses (G5) 5-1 Spiral (G6) 5-3 Canned Cycles 5-5 Drilling, Tapping, and Boring Canned Cycles (G81 toG89) 5-5 Cancel Drill, Tap, orBore Cycle (G80) 5-6 Spot Drilling (G81) 5-6 Counterboring (G82) 5-6 Peck Drilling (G83) 5-7 Tapping (G84) 5-8 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents All rights reserved Subject to change without notice vii 21-January-06 Boring, Bi-directional (G85) 5-9 Boring, Unidirectional (G86) 5-9 Chip Breaker Peck Cycle (G87)5-10 Flat Bottom Bi-Directional Boring (G89) 5-11 Drilling Example 5-11 Pattern Drill Cycles 5-13 Bolt Hole Circle (G79) 5-13 Hole Pattern(G179) 5-14 Pocket Cycles 5-16 Draft Angle Pocket Cycle (G73)5-17 Frame Pocket Milling (G75) 5-19 Hole Milling (G76) 5-21 Circular Pocket Milling (G77) 5-23 Rectangular Pocket Milling (G78) 5-25 Area Clearance (Irregular) Pocket Milling (G169) 5-27 Pockets with Islands (G162) 5-29 Irregular Pocket Examples 5-32 Facing Cycle (G170) 5-34 Circular ProfileCycle (G171) 5-36 Rectangular ProfileCycle (G172) 5-38 Thread Mill Cycle (G181) 5-40 Plunge Circular Pocket Milling (G177) 5-44 Plunge Rectangular Pocket Milling (G178) 5-46 Mold Rotation (G45) 5-47 Elbow Milling Cycle (G49) 5-58 Subprograms 5-63 Subprogram Addresses 5-63 Repetition of Subprogram (Loop) 5-64 Calling a Subprogram from a Subprogram 5-64 End of Subprogram (M99)with a P-Code5-67 Subprogram for Multiple Parts Programming5-67 Loop and Repeat Function 5-68 Probing Cycles 5-71 Tool Probe Cycles 5-71 Spindle Probe Cycles 5-86 Section 6 - Program Editor Activating the Program Editor 6-1 Activating Edit Mode fromthe Manual Screen 6-1 Activating Edit Mode from the Program Directory 6-1 Activating Edit Mode from Draw Graphics 6-1 Editing Soft Keys 6-2 Marking Programming Blocks 6-3 Unmarking Program Blocks 6-3 Saving Edits 6-4 Canceling Unsaved Edits 6-4 Deleting a Character 6-4 Deleting a Program Block 6-4 Undeleting a Block 6-5 Canceling Edits to a Program Block 6-5 Inserting Text without Overwriting Previous Text 6-5 Inserting Text and Overwriting Previous Text6-6 Advancing to the Beginning or End of a Block 6-6 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents viii All rights reserved Subject to change without notice 21-January-06 Advancing to the First or Last Block of a Program 6-6 Searching the Program Listing for Selected Text 6-6 Going to a Block of the Program Listing 6-7 Replacing Typed Textwith New Text 6-8 Scrolling Through the Program 6-9 Paging Through the Program 6-9 Inserting a Blank Line 6-9 Abbreviating Statements 6-9 Copying ProgramBlocks 6-11 Pasting Blocks within a Program 6-12 Recording Keystrokes 6-12 Retrieving Recorded Keystrokes 6-12 Repeating a Command or Key 6-13 (Re)numbering Program Blocks 6-13 Printing the Entire Program 6-14 Printing a Portion of a Program 6-14 Accessing the Most Recently Used Programs 6-15 Opening Another Program from the Program Listing 6-15 Copying Blocks to Another Program 6-16 Copying an Entire Program into Another Program 6-16 Including Comments in a Program Listing 6-17 Section 7 - Edit Help Main Edit Help Menu 7-3 Help Template Menu 7-4 Help Graphic Screens 7-6 Edit Help Soft Keys 7-7 Edit Help Menu 7-8 Using Help Graphic Screens to Enter Program Blocks 7-10 Line Moves 7-12 Endpoint and Angle Calculation7-13 Arcs 7-15 Multiple Move Commands 7-21 Modal G-Code Box 7-31 G-Code Listing 7-32 Entering a G-Code 7-32 Entry Fields 7-33 M-Code Listing 7-34 Entering an M-Code 7-35 Typing in Address Words 7-35 Typing inM-Codes 7-36 Section 8 - Viewing Programs with Draw Starting Draw 8-1 Draw Screen Description 8-2 Putting Draw in Hold 8-3 Canceling Draw 8-3 Draw Parameters 8-4 Tool On or Off 8-4 Drawing Compensated Moves 8-5 Showing Rapid Moves 8-5 Setting Grid Line Type 8-6 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents All rights reserved Subject to change without notice ix 21-January-06 Setting GridSize 8-6 Putting Draw in Motion, SStep, or AutoMode 8-6 Automatic Draw Restart 8-7 Erasing the Draw Display 8-8 Running Draw for Selected Blocks 8-8 Starting Draw at a Specific Block 8-8 Ending Draw at a Specific Block 8-9 Adjusting Draw Display 8-9 Fitting the Display tothe Viewing Window8-10 Scaling the Display by a Factor 8-10 Using the Window Zoom 8-11 Halving Display Size 8-12 Doubling Display Size 8-12 Changing the Viewing Area withoutChanging the Scale 8-12 Erasing Display 8-13 Section 9 - Tool Page and Tool Management Activating the Tool Page 9-1 Using the Tool Page 9-2 Finding Tools by Number 9-3 Changing Tool Page Values 9-3 Clearing a Tool(Whole Row) 9-3 Clearing a Single Value 9-3 Adjusting a Single Value 9-4 Tool Page Soft Keys and Secondary Soft Keys 9-4 T-Codes and Tool Activation 9-5 Tool Definition Blocks 9-5 Tool-Length Offsets 9-6 Entering Offsets inthe ToolPage 9-7 Setting Tool-Length Offsets 9-8 Entering the Z Position Manually 9-9 Diameter Offset in Tool Page 9-9 Tool Path Compensation (G41, G42) 9-10 Using Tool Diameter Compensation and Length Offsets with Ball-End Mills 9-14 Compensation (G40,G41, G42) 9-14 Cancel Mode in Tool Compensation: G40 9-14 Change of Tool Compensation Direction 9-15 Startup and Movement in Z-axis9-15 Temporary Change of Tool Diameter 9-16 Motion of Tool During Tool Compensation 9-17 Compensation Around Acute Angles 9-19 Change of Offset Direction 9-20 General Precautions 9-21 G41 Programming Example 9-22 G42 Program Example 9-23 Activating Offsets via the Program 9-25 Setting RefProg Offset 9-26 Section 10 - Program Management Changing the ProgramDirectory 10-2 Viewing All Programs of All Formats 10-2 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents x All rights reserved Subject to change without notice 21-January-06 Creating a New Part Program 10-3 Choosing Program Names 10-3 Loading a Programfor Running10-3 Selecting a Program for Editing and Utilities 10-3 Maximizing Program Storage Space 10-4 Displaying Program Blocks 10-5 Deleting a Program 10-5 Logging On to Other Drives 10-6 Marking and Unmarking Programs10-6 Marking Programs 10-6 Unmarking Marked Programs 10-7 Marking All Programs 10-7 Unmarking All Marked Programs 10-7 Deleting Groups of Programs 10-8 Restoring Programs 10-8 Copying Programs toFloppy Disks 10-9 Renaming Programs 10-9 Printing Programs 10-9 Checking Disks for Lost Program Fragments10-10 Displaying SystemInformation 10-10 Using Wildcards toFind Programs10-11 Copying Programs from/to Other Directories 10-12 Renaming Programs from/to Another Directory 10-13 Printing Programs from Another Drive/Directory 10-13 Creating Subdirectories 10-14 Deleting Programs on Another Drive 10-14 Listing a Program in Another Drive/Directory 10-14 Editing a Program in Another Directory 10-15 Optimizing YourHard Disk 10-15 Accessing the Disk Optimizer 10-15 Section 11 - Running Programs Running a Program One Step at a Time 11-1 Switching Between Motion and Single-Step Mode 11-2 Holding or Canceling a Single-Step Run 11-2 Single-Step Execution of Selected Program Blocks 11-3 Position Display Modes 11-4 Automatic ProgramExecution 11-4 Holding or Canceling an AutoRun 11-5 Starting at a Specific Block 11-5 Clearing a Halted Program 11-5 Using Draw while Running Programs 11-6 Setting the CNC to Display an Enlarged Position Display 11-7 Teach Mode 11-7 Initiating Teach Mode 11-8 Teach Mode Soft Keys 11-8 Inputting Data withTeach Mode 11-9 Using Teach Mode 11-10 Exiting Teach Mode 11-10 Parts Counter and Program Timer 11-11 Jog/Return 11-12 Initiating Jog/Return 11-12 Operations Allowed While “In” Jog/Return11-12 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents All rights reserved Subject to change without notice xi 21-January-06 Jog/Return Soft Keys 11-13 EXAMPLES: 11-15 Notes on Jog/Return 11-17 Section 12 - S and M Functions Speed Spindle Control (S-Function) 12-1 Miscellaneous Functions (M-Code) 12-2 Control M-Codes 12-2 Order of Execution 12-4 Section 13 - Communication and DNC Communication 13-1 Installing the RS-232 Cable 13-1 Accessing the Communication Software 13-2 Setting Communication Parameters13-3 Selecting the Communication Port 13-3 Setting the Baud 13-3 Setting Parity 13-3 Setting Data Bits 13-4 Setting Stop Bits 13-4 Software Setting 13-4 Setting Data Type 13-5 Testing the Data Link 13-5 Activating the TestLink Screen 13-6 Setting Test LinkDisplay Modes 13-6 Testing the Link 13-7 Clearing the Receive Area 13-7 Clearing the Transmit Area 13-7 Sending a Program 13-7 Receiving a Program 13-7 Setting the Transmission and Receiving Display 13-8 Holding Transmission/Receiving Operations 13-8 Using Data Control (DC)Codes 13-8 Using DC Codes in Receive Mode 13-9 Using DC Codes inSend Mode 13-9 Running inDNC 13-9 Accessing DNC 13-10 Section 14 - Machine Software and Peripherals Installation Machine Software Installation 14-1 Software Option Kit Installation 14-1 Printer Installation 14-2 Keyboard Installation (Option) 14-2 Keypad EquivalentKeyboard Keys 14-2 Section 15 - Off-line Software Introduction 15-1 Passwords 15-1 Exiting the Software 15-1 Windows Off-line Software Installation 15-2 Running Off-line Software from Windows 15-2 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents xii All rights reserved Subject to change without notice 21-January-06 System Settings 15-2 Maximum Memory Allocated 15-2 Disabled Features 15-3 Section 16 - Four- and Five-Axis Programming Axis Types 16-1 Rotary Axis Programming Conventions 16-2 Non-Synchronous or SynchronousAuxiliary Axis 16-2 Programming Examples 16-3 Example 1: Drill (Sync-Off) 16-4 Example 2: Mill (Sync-On) 16-5 Example 3: Mill (Sync-On) 16-6 Section 17 - DXF Converter Feature Requirements 17-1 Off-line Software 17-1 Machine Software 17-1 Entry to the DXF Converter 17-2 Creating Shapes 17-2 Contours 17-3 Drilling 17-3 CNC Code 17-3 Mouse Operations 17-4 DXF Hot Keys 17-5 Toggle Entity Endpoints (ALT + F) 17-5 DXF Soft Keys 17-6 Miscellaneous DXF Soft Key, F6 17-7 Output Menu Options 17-8 Shift X, Shift Y Descriptions 17-8 Convert Polyline Description 17-9 Display Menu Options 17-9 DXF EntitiesSupported 17-10 Drawing Entities Not Supported 17-10 Files Created 17-11 DXF Examples 17-11 Unedited Conversational Program Listing 17-13 Unedited G-code ProgramListing 17-14 Edited Conversational Program Listing 17-15 Edited G-code Tool Path 17-16 Edited G-code Program Listing 17-17 Using DXF for Pockets with Islands (G162) 17-18 Creating CAM Shapes 17-21 Section 18 - CAM Programming CAM Mode 18-1 CAM Mode Soft Keys 18-2 Shape (F2) Soft Keys 18-3 Shape EditMenu 18-4 Rev Arc 18-6 Delete 18-6 Project 18-6 Join 18-7 Import 18-7 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents All rights reserved Subject tochange without notice xiii 21-January-06 View (F4) 18-7 MOTION (F7) 18-8 Del Move(F8) 18-8 Contour 18-8 Pocket 18-15 Pocket Menus Soft Keys 18-21 Pockets with Islands (G162) 18-21 Drill 18-21 Edit 18-24 Delete 18-24 POST (F8) 18-25 SETUP (F9) 18-25 Shapes 18-26 Paths 18-27 Geometry 18-27 Post 18-27 Posting Output Automatic ToolChanges 18-30 Exit (F10) 18-31 Hot Keys 18-31 Using the Shape Cursor 18-32 Selecting Editing Tools 18-32 Line Tools 18-33 Arc Tools 18-36 Corner Radius 18-37 Chamfering Corners 18-37 Shape Edit Soft Keys 18-37 Reversing an Arc’s Direction 18-38 Deleting a Shape 18-38 Projecting Line Segments (Restoring Sharp Corners) 18-38 Joining Line Segments 18-39 Importing Shapes from Other Programs 18-39 Deleting a Segment 18-39 Changing the CAM Mode View 18-40 Viewing a Listing of Shape Segment Details 18-40 Using Construction Geometry 18-42 Accessing Geometry Tools 18-42 Point Tools 18-43 Line Tools 18-44 Circle Tools 18-45 Notes on Geometry 18-45 Chaining Geometry Elements to Create a Shape 18-46 Viewing a Listing of Geometry Elements 18-46 Deleting Geometry Elements 18-47 Deleting All Geometry Elements 18-47 Managing Shape Files 18-47 Using Shapes in G-code Programs 18-48 Sample Programs 18-48 Example #1 Machining an Outside Profile with Contour 18-48 Example #2 Machining a Slot using Contour 18-52 Example #3 Machining an Outside Profile using Contour 18-55 Example #4 Machining a Contour with Many Unknown Intersections 18-59 Example #5 Contour with Many Unknown Intersections - All Tangent Arcs 18-61 Example #6 Pocket Milled into Workpiece 18-65 Example #7 Milled Pocket - X0 Y0 at Center of Radius 18-67 CNC Programming and Operations Manual P/N 70000508G - Contents xiv All rights reserved Subject to change without notice 21-January-06 Example #8 Pocket Milled into Workpiece - X0 Y0 at Lower Left Corner 18-70 Example #9 Milled Pocket - X0 Y0 atthe Center of the Large Radius18-73 Example #10 Series of Holes using Drill18-75 Example #11 Pocket, Contour, and Drill 18-77 Example #12 Using CAM for Pockets with Islands (G162) 18-82 Additional Drawingsfor Practice18-85 Section 19 - Advanced Programming Features Modifiers 19-1 Block Separators 19-1 Tool Offset Modification 19-2 Expressions and Functions 19-4 Examples 19-5 System Variables 19-6 User Variables 19-7 Variable Programming (Parametric Programming)19-8 User Macros (G65, G66,G67) 19-15 Macro Body Structure 19-15 Setting and Passing Parameters 19-16 G65 Macro Programming, Main 19-17 G65 Macro Programming, Macro (Subprogram) 19-18 G66/G67 Macro Programming 19-18 SLOTMACG Program19-19 Macro Programming (Hole Milling Macro) 19-20 Probe Move(G31) 19-23 Conditional Statements 19-24 Unconditional LOOP Repeat 19-25 Short Form Addressing 19-26 Logical and Comparative Terms 19-27 Logical Terms 19-27 Comparative Terms 19-27 File Inclusion 19-28 Index
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عدد المساهمات : 18864 التقييم : 35108 تاريخ التسجيل : 01/07/2009 الدولة : مصر العمل : مدير منتدى هندسة الإنتاج والتصميم الميكانيكى
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