محمد محمد أحمد
مهندس فعال جدا جدا
عدد المساهمات : 654
التقييم : 694
تاريخ التسجيل : 14/11/2012
العمر : 32
الدولة : EGYPT
العمل : Student
الجامعة : Menoufia
 |  موضوع: كتاب Tribology in Machine Design السبت 20 يوليو 2013, 2:34 am | |
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قُلْ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَبِرَحْمَتِهِ فَبِذَٰلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُوا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ
اقدم لكم كتاب
Tribology in Machine Design
roduction to the concept of tribodesign 1
1.1. Specific principles of tribodesign 4
1.2. Tribological problems in machine design 6
1.2.1. Plain sliding bearings 6
1.2.2. Rolling contact bearings 7
1.2.3. Piston, piston rings and cylinder liners 8
1.2.4. Cam and cam followers 9
1.2.5. Friction drives 10
1.2.6. Involute gears 10
1.2.7. Hypoid gears 11
1.2.8. Worm gears 12
2. Basic principles of tribology 13
2.1. Origins of sliding friction 13
2.2 Contact between bodies in relative motion 14
2.3 Friction due to adhesion 15
2.4. Friction due to ploughing 16
2.5. Friction due to deformation 17
2.6 Energy dissipation during friction 18
2.7 Friction under complex motion conditions 18
2.8. Types of wear and their mechanisms 19
2.8.1. Adhesive wear 19
2.8.2. Abrasive wear 20
2.8.3. Wear due to surface fatigue 21
2.8.4. Wear due to chemical reactions 22
2.9. Sliding contact between surface asperities 23
2.10. The probability of surface asperity contact 26
2.11. Wear in lubricated contacts 31
2.11.1. Rheological lubrication regime 33
2.11.2. Functional lubrication regime 33
2.11.3. Fractional film defect 34
2.11.4. Load sharing in lubricated contacts 37
2.11.5. Adhesive wear equation 39
2.11.6. Fatigue wear equation 40
2.11.7. Numerical example 41
vi Contents
2.12 Relation between fracture mechanics and wear 45
2.12.1. Estimation of stress intensity under non-uniform
applied loads 47
2.13. Film lubrication 48
2.13.1 Coefficient of viscosity 48
2.13.2. Fluid film in simple shear 49
2.13.3. Viscous flow between very close parallel surfaces 50
2.13.4. Shear stress variations within the film 51
2.13.5. Lubrication theory by Osborne Reynolds 51
2.13.6. High-speed unloaded journal 53
2.13.7. Equilibrium conditions in a loaded bearing 53
2.13.8. Loaded high-speed journal 54
2.13.9. Equilibrium equations for loaded high-speed
journal 57
2.13.10. Reaction torque acting on the bearing 59
2.13.11. The virtual coefficient of friction 59
2.13.12. The Sommerfeld diagram 60
References 63
3. Elements of contact mechanics 64
3.1. Introduction 64
3.2. Concentrated and distributed forces on plane surfaces 65
3.3. Contact between two elastic bodies in the form of spheres 67
3.4. Contact between cylinders and between bodies of general
shape 70
3.5. Failures of contacting surfaces 71
3.6. Design values and procedures 73
3.7. Thermal effects in surface contacts 74
3.7.1 Analysis of line contacts 75
3.7.2. Refinement for unequal bulk temperatures 79
3.7.3. Refinement for thermal bulging in the conjunction
zone 80
3.7.4. The effect of surface layers and lubricant films 80
3.7.5. Critical temperature for lubricated contacts 82
3.7.6. The case of circular contact 83
3.7.7. Contacts for which size is determined by load 85
3.7.8. Maximum attainable flash temperature 86
3.8. Contact between rough surfaces 87
3.8.1. Characteristics of random rough surfaces 87
3.8.2. Contact of nominally flat rough surfaces 90
3.9. Representation of machine element contacts 94
References 96
4. Friction, lubrication and wear in lower kinematic pairs 97
4.1. Introduction 97
4.2. The concept of friction angle 98
4.2.1. Friction in slideways 98
4.2.2. Friction stability 100
Contents vii
4.3. Friction in screws with a square thread 103
4.3.1. Application of a threaded screw in a jack 105
4.4. Friction in screws with a triangular thread 109
4.5. Plate clutch - mechanism of operation 111
4.6. Cone clutch - mechanism of operation 114
4.6.1. Driving torque 115
4.7. Rim clutch - mechanism of operation 116
4.7.1. Equilibrium conditions 117
4.7.2. Auxiliary mechanisms 119
4.7.3. Power transmission rating 120
4.8. Centrifugal clutch - mechanism of operation 120
4.9. Boundary lubricated sliding bearings 121
4.9.1. Axially loaded bearings 123
4.9.2. Pivot and collar bearings 124
4.10. Drives utilizing friction force 127
4.10.1. Belt drive 128
4.10.2. Mechanism of action 129
4.10.3. Power transmission rating 132
4.10.4. Relationship between belt tension and modulus 133
4.10.5. V-belt and rope drives 134
4.11. Frictional aspects of brake design 136
4.11.1. The band brake 136
4.11.2. The curved brake block 138
4.11.3. The band and block brake 144
4.12. The role of friction in the propulsion and the braking of
vehicles 145
4.13. Tractive resistance 150
4.14. Pneumatic tyres 151
4.14.1. Creep of an automobile tyre 152
4.14.2. Transverse tangential forces 152
4.14.3. Functions of the tyre in vehicle application 154
4.14.4. Design features of the tyre surface 154
4.14.5. The mechanism of rolling and sliding 155
4.14.6. Tyre performance on a wet road surface 157
4.14.7. The development of tyres with improved
performance 159
4.15. Tribodesign aspects of mechanical seals 160
4.15.1. Operation fundamentals 161
4.15.2. Utilization of surface tension 162
4.15.3. Utilization of viscosity 162
4.15.4. Utilization of hydrodynamic action 163
4.15.5. Labyrinth seals 164
4.15.6. Wear in mechanical seals 164
4.15.7. Parameters affecting wear 168
4.15.8. Analytical models of wear 169
4.15.9. Parameters defining performance limits 170
4.15.10. Material aspects of seal design 170
viii Contents
4.15.11. Lubrication of seals 172
References 173
5. Sliding-element bearings 174
5.1. Derivation of the Reynolds equation 174
5.2. Hydrostatic bearings 178
5.3. Squeeze-film lubrication bearings 181
5.4. Thrust bearings 183
5.4.1. Flat pivot 184
5.4.2. The effect of the pressure gradient in the direction
of motion 186
5.4.3. Equilibrium conditions 188
5.4.4. The coefficient of friction and critical slope 188
5.5. Journal bearings 189
5.5.1. Geometrical configuration and pressure
generation 189
5.5.2. Mechanism of load transmission 192
5.5.3. Thermoflow considerations 194
5.5.4. Design for load-bearing capacity 196
5.5.5. Unconventional cases of loading 197
5.5.6. Numerical example 199
5.5.7. Short bearing theory - CAD approach 201
5.6. Journal bearings for specialized applications 204
5.6.1. Journal bearings with fixed non-preloaded pads 205
5.6.2. Journal bearings with fixed preloaded pads 205
5.6.3. Journal bearings with special geometric features 207
5.6.4. Journal bearings with movable pads 207
5.7. Gas bearings 210
5.8. Dynamically loaded journal bearings 212
5.8.1. Connecting-rod big-end bearing 213
5.8.2. Loads acting on main crankshaft bearing 213
5.8.3. Minimum oil film thickness 214
5.9. Modern developments in journal bearing design 217
5.9.1. Bearing fit 218
5.9.2. Grooving 219
5.9.3. Clearance 219
5.9.4. Bearing materials 220
5.10. Selection and design of thrust bearings 221
5.10.1. Tilting-pad bearing characteristics 223
5.10.2. Design features of hydrostatic thrust bearings 225
5.11. Self-lubricating bearings 226
5.11.1. Classification of self-lubricating bearings 226
5.11.2. Design considerations . 228
References 230
6. Friction, lubrication and wear in higher kinematic pairs 232
6.1. Introduction 232
6.2. Loads acting on contact area 233
Contents ix
6.3. Traction in the contact zone 233
6.4. Hysteresis losses 234
6.5. Rolling friction 235
6.6. Lubrication of cylinders 238
6.7. Analysis of line contact lubrication 242
6.8. Heating at the inlet to the contact 244
6.9. Analysis of point contact lubrication 245
6.10. Cam-follower system 246
References 247
7. Rolling-contact bearings 248
7.1. Introduction 248
7.2. Analysis of friction in rolling-contact bearings 248
7.2.1. Friction torque due to differential sliding 249
7.2.2. Friction torque due to gyroscopic spin 250
7.2.3. Friction torque due to elastic hysteresis 251
7.2.4. Friction torque due to geometric errors 252
7.2.5. Friction torque due to the effect of the raceway 252
7.2.6. Friction torque due to shearing of the lubricant 252
7.2.7. Friction torque caused by the working medium 253
7.2.8. Friction torque caused by temperature increase 254
7.3. Deformations in rolling-contact bearings 254
7.4. Kinematics of rolling-contact bearings 256
7.4.1. Normal speeds 256
7.4.2. High speeds 258
7.5. Lubrication of rolling-contact bearings 259
7.5.1. Function of a lubricant 259
7.5.2. Solid film lubrication 260
7.5.3. Grease lubrication 261
7.5.4. Jet lubrication 262
7.5.5. Lubrication utilizing under-race passages 263
7.5.6. Mist lubrication 264
7.5.7. Surface failure modes related to lubrication 265
7.5.8. Lubrication effects on fatigue life 265
7.5.9. Lubricant contamination and filtration 266
7.5.10. Elastohydrodynamic lubrication in design practice 266
7.6. Acoustic emission in rolling-contact bearings 268
7.6.1. Inherent source of noise 268
7.6.2. Distributed defects on rolling surfaces 269
7.6.3. Surface geometry and roughness 269
7.6.4. External influences on noise generation 270
7.6.5. Noise reduction and vibration control methods 271
References 272
8. Lubrication and efficiency of involute gears 273
8.1. Introduction 273
8.2. Generalities of gear tribodesign 273
8.3. Lubrication regimes 275
X Contents
8.4. Gear failure due to scuffing 278
8.4.1. Critical temperature factor 280
8.4.2. Minimum film thickness factor 281
8.5. Gear pitting 282
8.5.1. Surface originated pitting 283
8.5.2. Evaluation of surface pitting risk 283
8.5.3. Subsurface originated pitting . 284
8.5.4. Evaluation of subsurface pitting risk 284
8.6. Assessment of gear wear risk 285
8.7. Design aspect of gear lubrication 286
8.8. Efficiency of gears 288
8.8.1. Analysis of friction losses 289
8.8.2. Summary of efficiency formulae 293
References 294
Index
رابط تنزيل كتاب Tribology in Machine Design 
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rambomenaa
كبير مهندسين
عدد المساهمات : 2041
التقييم : 3379
تاريخ التسجيل : 21/01/2012
العمر : 46
الدولة : مصر
العمل : مدير الصيانة بشركة تصنيع ورق
الجامعة : حلوان
| | موضوع: رد: كتاب Tribology in Machine Design السبت 20 يوليو 2013, 9:32 am | |
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Admin
مدير المنتدى
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| | موضوع: رد: كتاب Tribology in Machine Design السبت 20 يوليو 2013, 4:56 pm | |
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جزاك الله خيراً وبارك الله فيك وجعله فى ميزان حسناتك
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محمد محمد أحمد
مهندس فعال جدا جدا
عدد المساهمات : 654
التقييم : 694
تاريخ التسجيل : 14/11/2012
العمر : 32
الدولة : EGYPT
العمل : Student
الجامعة : Menoufia
| | موضوع: رد: كتاب Tribology in Machine Design السبت 20 يوليو 2013, 10:14 pm | |
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