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| موضوع: كتاب Mechanical Behavior of Materials (2nd Ed) الثلاثاء 29 مايو 2012, 7:35 am | |
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تذكير بمساهمة فاتح الموضوع : أخوانى فى الله أحضرت لكم كتاب
Mechanical Behavior of Materials (2nd Ed) William F Hosford (CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS )
ويتناول الموضوعات الأتية :
Stress and Strain Introduction Stress Sign Convention Transformation of Axes Principal Stresses Mohr’s Stress Circles Strains Small Strains Transformation of Axes Mohr’s Strain Circles Force and Moment Balances Boundary Conditions Note Problems Elasticity Introduction Isotropic Elasticity Variation of Young’s Modulus Isotropic Thermal Expansion Elastic Anisotropy Orientation Dependence of Elastic Response Orientation Dependence in Cubic Crystals Orientation Dependence in Noncubic Crystals Orientation Dependence in Materials Other Than Single Crystals Anisotropic Thermal Expansion References Notes Problems Mechanical Testing Introduction Tensile Specimens Stress–Strain Curves Ductility True Stress and Strain The Bridgman Correction Temperature Rise Sheet Anisotropy Measurement of Force and Strain Axial Alignment Special Problems Compression Test Plane–Strain Compression Plane–Strain Tension Biaxial Tension (Hydraulic Bulge Test) Torsion Test Bend Tests Hardness Tests Mutual Indentation Hardness References Notes Problems Strain Hardening of Metals Introduction Mathematical Approximations Power Law Approximation Necking Work Per Volume Localization of Strain at Defects Notes Problems Plasticity Theory Introduction Yield Criteria Tresca (maximum shear stress criterion) Von Mises Criterion Flow Rules Principle of Normality Effective Stress and Effective Strain Other Isotropic Yield Criteria Anisotropic Plasticity Effect of Strain Hardening on the Yield Locus References Strain Rate and Temperature Dependence of Flow Stress Introduction Strain Rate Dependence of Flow Stress Superplasticity Combined Strain and Strain Rate Effects Strain Rate Sensitivity of bcc Metals Temperature Dependence Combined Temperature and Strain Rate Effects Hot Working References Notes Problems Slip and Crystallographic Textures Introduction Slip Systems Schmid’s Law Strains Produced by Slip Strain Hardening of fcc Single Crystals Tensile Deformation of fcc Crystals Slip in bcc Crystals Slip in hcp Crystals Lattice Rotation in Tension Lattice Rotation in Compression Texture Formation in Polycrystals Approximate Calculations of R Values Deformation of Polycrystals Texture Strengthening Effects of Texture on Microstructure References Notes Problems Dislocation Geometry and Energy Introduction Theoretical Strength of Crystals The Nature of Dislocations Burgers Vectors Energy of a Screw Dislocation Reactions between Parallel Dislocations and Frank’s Rule Stress Fields around Dislocations Forces on Dislocations Partial Dislocations in fcc Crystals Stacking Faults Dislocation Mechanics Introduction Frank-Read Sources Dislocation Pile-Ups Cross-Slip Dislocation Intersections Climb References Note Problems Mechanical Twinning and Martenitic Shear Introduction Formal Notation Twinning Shear Twinning in fcc Metals Twinning in bcc Metals Twinning in hcp Metals Shapes of Twins Mechanism of Twinning Martensite Transformation Shape Memory and Superelasticity References Note Problems Hardening Mechanisms in Metals Introduction Crystal Structure Grain Size Strain Hardening Solid Solution Strengthening Dispersion Strengthening Yield Points and Strain Aging Combined Effects References Notes Problems Discontinuous and Inhomogeneous Deformation Stick-Slip Phenomena Dynamic Strain Aging Other Causes of Serrated Stress–Strain Curves Strain Localization Reference Notes Problems Ductility and Fracture Introduction Ductile Fracture Brittle Fracture Impact Energy References Notes Problems Fracture Mechanics Introduction Theoretical Fracture Strength Stress Concentration Griffith Theory Orowan Theory Fracture Modes Irwin’s Fracture Analysis Plastic Zone Size Thin Sheets Temperature and Loading Rate Metallurgical Variables Fracture Mechanics in Design Compact Tensile Specimens Strain–Energy Release The J Integral References Notes Problems Appendix Size and Shape of the Plastic Zone at the Crack Tip Viscoelasticity Introduction Rheological Models Series Combination of Spring and Dashpot Parallel Combination of Spring and Dashpot Combined Series Parallel Model More Complex Models Damping Natural Decay Elastic Modulus – Relaxed versus Unrelaxed Thermoelastic Effect Snoek Effect in bcc Metals Other Damping Mechanisms References Notes Problems Creep and Stress Rupture Introduction Creep Mechanisms Temperature Dependence of Creep Deformation Mechanism Maps Cavitation Rupture versus Creep Extrapolation Schemes Alloys for High-Temperature Use References Notes Problems Fatigue Introduction Surface Observations Nomenclature S-N Curves Effect of Mean Stress The Palmgren-Miner Rule Stress Concentration Surfaces Design Estimates Metallurgical Variables Strains to Failure Crack Propagation Cyclic Stress–Strain Behavior Temperature and Cycling Rate Effects Fatigue of Polymers Fatigue Testing Design Considerations Summary References Notes Problems Residual Stresses Introduction Small-Scale Stresses Bauschinger Effect Nonuniform Cooling Nonuniform Material Stresses from Welding Stresses from Mechanical Working Consequences of Residual Stresses Measurement of Residual Stresses Relief of Residual Stresses References Notes Problems Ceramics and Glasses Introduction Elastic Properties Slip Systems Hardness Weibull Analysis Testing Porosity High-Temperature Behavior Fracture Toughness Toughening of Ceramics Fatigue Silicate Glasses Strength of Glasses Thermally Induced Stresses Delayed Fracture Glassy Metals References Notes Problems Polymers Introduction Elastic Behavior Rubber Elasticity Damping Yielding Effect of Strain Rate Effect of Pressure Crazing Yielding of Fibers in Compression Fracture Deformation Mechanism Maps Shape-Memory Effect Composites Introduction Fiber-Reinforced Composites Elastic Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Volume Fraction of Fibers Orientation Dependence of Strength Fiber Length Failure with Discontinuous Fibers Failure under Compression Typical Properties Particulate Composites Brick Wall Model Lamellar Composites Morphology of Foams Mechanical Properties of Foams Metal Foams Flexible Foams – Open Cell Flexible Foams – Closed Cell References Notes Problems Mechanical Working Introduction Bulk-Forming Energy Balance Deformation Zone Geometry Friction in Bulk Forming Formability Deep Drawing Stamping References Notes Problems APPENDIX I: Miller Indices APPENDIX II: Stereographic Representation of Orientations
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