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| موضوع: كتاب SKF Bearing Maintenance Handbook الخميس 07 مارس 2024, 2:17 am | |
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أخواني في الله أحضرت لكم كتاب SKF Bearing Maintenance Handbook
و المحتوى كما يلي :
1 Basics 8 2 Mounting rolling bearings . 44 3 Mounting bearing units . 92 4 Mounting bearing housings 122 5 Installing seals . 140 6 Alignment . 158 7 Lubrication 178 8 Inspection . 216 9 Troubleshooting 228 10 Dismounting . 252 11 Bearing damage and their causes . 288 12 Maintenance support . 324 13 Appendices 332 14 Index . 438 Index ptitude Exchange See SKF ptitude Exchange A abrasive paper 226 abrasive wear 2983299 caused by incorrect fits 3003301 caused by ineffective lubrication 313 caused by ineffective sealing 3143315 abutments accuracy requirements 35336, 386 dimensions 38 trouble conditions 237, 251 acrylic rubber 201 acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers designation suffixes for bearings 24325 designation suffixes for seals 145 adapter sleeve locking 94395 dismounting bearing units 274 mounting bearing units 1093110 tightening torque values 103 adapter sleeves dismounting bearings 2603264 dismounting flanged housings 282 mounting bearings (oil injection method) 62366 mounting bearings (SKF Drive-up Method) 57361 additives compatibility with materials 1883189, 202, 207, 210 in centralized lubrication systems 212 in grease 184 in oil 203 adhesive wear 2983299 caused by incorrect fits 301 caused by ineffective lubrication 312 adjustable steel levellers See SKF Vibracon SM elements adjusted bearing arrangements 31 axial location 37338 adjusting bearings angular contact ball bearings 74377 tapered roller bearings 84388 troubleshooting 245 alignment 1583177 of belts 1763177 of machines 1613166 of offset drives 175 of shafts 1673174 SKF equipment 419 allen keys See hexagonal keys aluminium heating rings for dismounting bearings 255, 2583259 for mounting bearings 69, 81 ambient temperature considerations for machine alignment 161 considerations for relubrication 1953196 angled foot See soft foot angular contact ball bearings adjusting back-to-back arrangements 76377 adjusting face-to-face arrangements 74375 axial internal clearance values 389 axial preload values 389 greasing on initial installation 191 mounting 74378 stand-alone bearings 74 trouble conditions 243, 245, 247 types and designs 12313 universally matchable bearings 76 with a two-piece inner ring 78 anti-foaming additive 203 anti-fretting agent 49 anti-oxidant additive in grease 184 in oil 203 anti-rust additive in grease 184 in oil 203 anti-wear additive in grease 184 in oil 203, 207 assembling ball bearing units 121 asset management 3263329 asset reliability 3263329 associated components checking the accuracy 47349 dimensions for ducts, grooves and holes 405 greasing on initial installation 188 preparations 49 attachment bolts/nuts compensating for soft foot 162 for bearing units 101, 105 for housings 131 automatic lubrication 197 automatic lubricators See SKF SYSTEM 24 automatic particle counting method 212 auxiliary lips greasing on initial installation 149, 190 seal types and designs 1433145 axial displacement 30331 considerations for fit selection 34 for CARB toroidal roller bearings 91 in plummer block housings 132 measuring axial drive-up 56357 values for SKF Drive-up Method 4063413 axial drive-up measuring axial displacement 56 measuring clearance reduction 55 troubleshooting 240 values for CARB toroidal roller bearings 404 values for self-aligning ball bearings 402 values for spherical roller bearings 403 axial internal clearance 29, 51 trouble conditions 248 values for angular contact ball bearings 3893391 values for cylindrical roller bearings 3943395 values for tapered roller bearings 396 43814 axial load induced loads 241, 2433244, 301, 320 path patterns 2943295 axial location 37338 in plummer block housings 132 B back-to-back bearing arrangements adjusting angular contact ball bearings 76377 adjusting tapered roller bearings 86388 ball bearing units assembly 121 designations 96, 100 dismounting 2723275 mounting 1043114 shaft locking methods 94396 types and designs 963100 base frame See machine base frame base oil compatibility 2003201 in grease 183 in oil 203 viscosity 185 base-bound 167, 175 basic rating life 27 bearing arrangements in plummer block housings 127, 132 terminology 11 types 30331 bearing damage 2883323 causes 2303231, 298 ISO classification 298 operational 3093322 pre-operational 3003308 symptoms 2323235 bearing failure See bearing damage bearing housings See housings bearing life rating life 27328 service life 28329 bearing location 31338 bearing seats accuracy requirements 35336, 386 bearing damage 3023303 checking the accuracy 47349 dimensions for relieved fillets 387 surface roughness 36, 387 bearing units designations 96, 100 dismounting 2703277 identification 27 mounting 923121 shaft locking methods 94396 storage 41 types and designs 963100 bearings defect frequencies 224 designation system 22325 dismounting 2543269 greasing on initial installation 1893191 handling 49350 identification 26327 inspection 2253226 mounting 44391 relubrication 1943198 size categories 46 storage 41, 230 terminology 10 types and designs 12321 belt alignment 1763177 bolt tensioners 166 bolt-bound 167, 175 brass compatibility with EP additives 202 for machinery shims 163 C calcium soap 185 calibrated cones for belt alignment 176 for shaft alignment 170 cap bolts 131 CARB toroidal roller bearings abutment dimensions 38 axial drive-up values 404 axial location 37 clearance reduction values 404 greasing on initial installation 191 in plummer block housings 132 lock nut tightening angles 404 mounting 90391 mounting (oil injection method) 62366 mounting (SKF Drive-up Method) 57361 radial internal clearance values 3993400 SKF Drive-up Method values 4123413 trouble conditions 240 types and designs 17 cardan shaft alignment See offset drive alignment cast iron bearing unit housings 100 housings 126 cast steel 126 castle nuts 88 centralized lubrication systems 2133215 centring flanges 84385 chain oils 209 for SKF SYSTEM 24 lubricators 199 chocking See shimming chocks 164 churning caused by excess grease 190, 199 caused by vibration 194 resulting in lubricant leakage 222 troubleshooting 236 CircOil See SKF CircOil circulating oil 208 in centralized lubrication systems 2133215 mounting SONL housings 1373139 oil change interval 209 taking oil samples 210 cleaning bearings 226 seals 146 cleanliness 28329, 46347 clearance See internal clearance clearance reduction 54355 values for CARB toroidal roller bearings 404 values for spherical roller bearings 403 Client Needs Analysis See SKF Client Needs Analysis cold mounting 53367 compatibility between base oils 201 between thickeners 201 grease 2003202 oil 210 complex soaps 183 composite material See polyamide compressed air 226 ConCentra See SKF ConCentra condition monitoring 2163224 lubrication 222 noise 221 SKF instruments 4323434 temperature 221 conditions of rotation 32 consistency 185 grease performance test 188 consistency grade See NLGI grade contact seals external seals 39 integral bearing seals 40 removal 2843286 trouble conditions 238 439Index contamination bearing damage progression 231 contaminants 2113212 ISO classification 212 relubrication interval adjustment 195 resulting in abrasive wear 3143315 resulting in indentations 316 troubleshooting 2453246, 2493250 continuous relubrication 195, 197 copper corrosion test 188 corrective maintenance See reactive maintenance corrosion 2983299 frictional corrosion 3023303, 308, 319 moisture corrosion 308, 3173318 corrosion protection test 188 cracking 2983299 crackle test 211 cracks caused by defective seats 303 caused by incorrect fits 3003301 microcracks 3093312 craters 3213322 creep 31 caused by incorrect fits 3003301 considerations for fit selection 33 troubleshooting 243, 2463247 cross holes 150, 152 cross-location See adjusted bearing arrangements current leakage 2983299 caused by passage of electric current 3213322 cylindrical collar locking 94395 mounting bearing units 1193120 tightening torque values 102 cylindrical roller bearings axial internal clearance values 3943395 axial location 37 dismounting 2583259 greasing on initial installation 191 mounting 80384 radial internal clearance values 393 types and designs 13314 cylindrical shaft seats dismounting bearings 2563259 form and position accuracy 386 measurement form 48 mounting bearings 53 cylindricity 36, 386 D deep groove ball bearings greasing on initial installation 191 integral bearing seals 40 radial internal clearance values 388 types and designs 12 defect frequencies 224 dents See indentations designations for bearing units 963100 for bearings 22325 for housings 1253129 for seals 1433145 dial indicator methods for adjusting angular contact ball bearings 74377 for adjusting tapered roller bearings 86388 for shaft alignment 1703171 for SKF Drive-up Method 58361 dial indicators 56 diameter series 22323 direction of load indeterminate 32 dismounting bearing units 2703277 preparations 271 tools 270 with an adapter sleeve 274 with an eccentric locking collar 273 with grub screw locking 272 with SKF ConCentra locking 2753277 dismounting bearings 2543269 from a cylindrical shaft seat 2563259 from a solid housing 2673269 from a tapered shaft seat 2593260 methods 255 preparations 254 tools 255, 4353436 using heat 2583259, 269 when bearing damage is present 291 with a withdrawal sleeve 2643267 with an adapter sleeve 2603264 dismounting fluid 254 dismounting housings 2783283 flanged housings 2823283 preparations 278 split plummer blocks 2803281 dismounting seals See removing seals distance rings 134 double row angular contact ball bearings axial internal clearance values 390 designs 12 mounting 78 double row tapered roller bearings designs 17 mounting 89 double-lip seals grease replenishment 196 greasing on initial installation 149, 190 drift punches for installing seals 148 for mounting bearing units 1073108 drive-up See axial drive-up drive-up method See SKF Drive-up Method dropping point 185 grease performance test 188 dry lubricant 1823183 Duoflex See SKF Duoflex Duralife See SKF Duralife Duralip See SKF Duralip DURATEMP 145 E eccentric collar locking 94395 dismounting bearing units 273 mounting bearing units 1063108 tightening torque values 102 elastomer seals installation 1403157 storage 42 electric current current leakage damage 3213322 excessive voltage damage 307 trouble conditions 2493250 electric hot plates 68 electrical erosion 2983299 current leakage 3213322 excessive voltage 307 electronic stethoscopes 221 EMCOR rating See SKF EMCOR rating end covers 133 endoscopes 2253226 energy efficiency 329 enveloped acceleration 224 EP additives See extreme pressure additives Epocast 36 165 epoxy resin for machine alignment 165 for shaft repair 152 escape holes See grease escape holes external seals 39 trouble conditions 238 extractors See pullers extreme pressure additives compatibility with materials 202, 207 in grease 184 in oil 203, 207 extreme temperature applications 182 44014 F face alignment 1763177 face-to-face bearing arrangements adjusting angular contact ball bearings 74375 adjusting tapered roller bearings 84385 failure analysis See bearing damage failure modes 2983299 false brinelling 2983299 caused by incorrect transportation or storage 308 caused by vibration 319 fatigue 2983299 subsurface initiated 301, 3033304 surface initiated 301, 3033304, 3103311 fatigue fracture 2983299 caused by operational misalignment 319 faults See machine faults feeler gauges for belt alignment 176 for checking soft foot 162 for measuring clearance reduction 55 for measuring internal clearance 52 for shaft alignment 170 felt seals 238 field service contracts 330 fillets dimensions 38 dimensions (relieved fillets) 387 trouble conditions 247 filter rating 212 fits bearing damage 3003302 for housings 3363337 for shafts 3343336 resultant fits 3383381 selection 32334 trouble conditions 2413242, 246 FKM See fluoro elastomer flanged housings dismounting 2823283 types and designs 1253126 flanged units 100 dismounting 2703277 mounting 1043120 types and designs 963100 flourinated grease 189, 200, 202 fluoro elastomer at high temperatures 142 designation suffix for seals 145 fluting caused by electric current 322 caused by vibration 319 foam dam 165 foaming causes 211 prevention 202 food compatible lubricants 209, 424 forced fracture 2983299 caused by defective seats 303 caused by incorrect fits 301 form accuracy 35336 tolerances for bearing seats 386 tolerances for shafts (sleeve mounting) 384 foundation quality 161 four-lip seals grease replenishment 196 greasing on initial installation 190 four-point contact ball bearings axial internal clearance values 391 designs 13 mounting 78 trouble conditions 244 four-row cylindrical roller bearings designs 14 mounting 82384 four-row tapered roller bearings designs 17 mounting 89 fracture 2983299 fatigue fracture 319 forced fracture 301, 303 thermal cracking 301 FRB rings See locating rings fretting corrosion 2983299 caused by defective seats 3023303 caused by incorrect fits 300 grease performance test 188 removal 226 frictional corrosion 2983299 false brinelling 308, 319 fretting corrosion 2983299, 3023303 frictional moment 235 G garter springs seal types and designs 1433145 trouble conditions 237 gloves 73 graphite 182, 184 grease ageing 187, 192, 195 analysis 222 comparison with oil 182, 214 compatibility 2003202 consistency 185, 188 datasheets 181, 1843188 function 184 operating temperature range 1863187 performance tests 188 properties 1853188 selection 189 selection chart (SKF greases) 4303431 SKF greases 4233431 stiffness 184, 187 grease escape holes 196, 199 grease fittings for grease replenishment 195 position on plummer block housings 133, 196 grease leakage 182 grease performance tests 188 troubleshooting 202, 236, 2383239 grease lubrication 1833202 Grease Test Kit See SKF Grease Test Kit groove alignment 1763177 grub screw locking 94395 dismounting bearing units 272 mounting bearing units 1043106 tightening torque values 102 guide rods 81 guiding sleeves See mounting sleeves H hammers for installing seals 146 for mounting bearings 49 handling bearing damage 3053306, 308 bearings 49350 lubricants 181 heat condition monitoring 221 troubleshooting 233 heater mats 269 heating cabinets 70 heating panels 71 heating rings See aluminium heating rings hexagonal keys 102 high-precision bearings greasing on initial installation 191 types and designs 12, 18 HMV.. nuts See hydraulic nuts HNBR See acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers hollow shafts 34335 hook spanners 1023103 hot dismounting See dismounting bearings, using heat hot mounting 68371 441Index housings dismounting 2783283 greasing on initial installation 190 identification 27 mounting 1223139 terminology 11 types and designs 1253127 hubs See wheel hubs humidity when storing bearings and units 41 when storing elastomer seals 42 when storing lubricants 43 hydraulic nuts for dismounting bearings 262, 266 for SKF Drive-up Method 56, 4063413 series and designs 73 hydraulic pumps for SKF Drive-up Method 56 selection guide 72 hydraulically-assisted pullers 257, 260 HYDROCAM 166 I imbalance 223 impact damage caused by faulty mounting practices 248, 305 caused by incorrect transportation or storage 308 impact rings/sleeves 146 incompatibility See compatibility indentations 2983299 bearing damage progression 211, 231 caused by faulty mounting practices 3053306 caused by ineffective sealing 316 troubleshooting 245, 248 induced loads 301, 320 troubleshooting 241, 2433244 induction heaters for dismounting bearings 255, 259 for installing wear sleeves 152 for mounting bearings 69, 82 infrared radiators 70 initial clearance 29 inner ring expansion 56 insert bearings See Y-bearings inspection 2163227 during operation 2203224 during shutdown 2243227 lubricants 181 installing seals 1403157 greasing on initial installation 190 in plummer block housings 1333139 trouble conditions 2383239 integral seals for bearing units 96 for bearings 40 trouble conditions 2373238, 251 integrated maintenance solutions 329 internal bearing pullers 268 internal clearance before and after mounting 29, 51 considerations for fit selection 33 initial 29, 51 measuring with a feeler gauge 52 operational 29 reduction values when mounting 4033404 residual values after mounting 4033404 troubleshooting 233, 234, 2393242 values prior to mounting 3883401 ISO bearing damage classification 298 contamination classification 212 dimension series 22323 tolerance classes 35 tolerance grades 385 viscosity grades 203, 415 K keyways 150, 152 kiln bearings 182 kinematic viscosity See viscosity L labyrinth seals 39 grease replenishment 196 greasing on initial installation 190 installation in plummer block housings 136 trouble conditions 238 large diameter wear sleeves 225 installation 1523153 laser alignment methods for belt alignment 1763177 for offset drive alignment 175 for shaft alignment 1713173 leaks 222 troubleshooting 236, 2383239, 245 life See bearing life lifting tackle 50, 68 liquid contaminants 212 troubleshooting 246, 250 lithium soap 185 load distributions considerations for fit selection 32 path patterns 2923297 load ratios 187 load zones 2923297 locating bearing arrangements 30331 locating rings 132 lock nut tightening angle 55 values for CARB toroidal roller bearings 404 values for self-aligning ball bearings 402 values for spherical roller bearings 403 looseness 163, 220 LuBase 189, 207 LubeSelect 189, 192, 207 lubricant disposal 181 handling 181 inspection 181, 222, 225 selection 182 service life 28 shelf life 43 storage 42 lubricant film formation 204 load carrying capacity 184, 200 lubrication 1783215 management 180 SKF tools and products 4203422 trouble conditions 2363237 lubrication systems centralized 2133215 oil 2073209 LubriLean See SKF LubriLean M machine alignment 1613166 machine base frame casting epoxy resin 165 soft foot condition 162 Machine Condition Advisor See SKF Machine Condition Advisor machine faults 222 machine installation 1613166 machine tools lubrication 191, 215 SKF services 331 machinery shims 1633164 for adjusting angular contact ball bearings 74375 for adjusting tapered roller bearings 85 for bearing units 101 for plummer block housings 130 in the TMAS series 164 to prevent axial preloading 244 trouble conditions 241 maintenance methodologies 2183219 44214 maintenance strategy review 3283330 maintenance support 3243331 mandrels 146 matched bearing sets 76 material fatigue See subsurface initiated fatigue material safety datasheets 180 interpretation 1843188 measurement form 48 mechanical maintenance services 330 mechanical pullers 256, 260 mechanical stability 188 metal-to-metal contact prevention 183, 202 resulting in adhesive wear 312 troubleshooting 2333234, 237, 246, 249 microcracks 299 caused by ineffective lubrication 310 caused by material fatigue 309 micrometers 47349 microscope counting method 212 mineral oil in grease 183, 189 in oil 2033204 minimal quantity lubrication 2143215 misalignment bearing damage 304, 320 in ball bearing units with an adapter sleeve 110 in ball bearing units with an eccentric locking collar 106, 108 in ball bearing units with grub screw locking 104, 106 in roller bearing units with a cylindrical locking collar 119 in SKF ConCentra ball bearing units 112, 114 in SKF ConCentra roller bearing units 116, 118 of belts 1763177 of external seals 238 of offset drives 175 of shafts 1673169 path patterns 2963297 vibration frequencies 2223223 mixing greases See grease, compatibility moisture corrosion 2983299 caused by incorrect transportation or storage 308 caused by ineffective sealing 3173318 troubleshooting 250 molybdenum disulphide for mounting bearings 62 in grease 183 Monoflex See SKF Monoflex mounting bearing units 923121 preparations 101 replacement parts 943100 tightening torque values 1023103 tools 1023103 with a cylindrical locking collar 1193120 with an adapter sleeve 1093110 with an eccentric locking collar 1063108 with grub screw locking 1043106 with SKF ConCentra locking 1113118 mounting bearings 44391 faulty mounting practices 2483249, 3053306 instructions by bearing type 74391 preparations 46349 tools 72373, 4163418 trouble conditions 240, 243, 245, 247 using mechanical methods 53356 using the oil injection method 62366 using SensorMount 67 using the SKF Drive-up Method 57361 mounting housings 1223139 plummer blocks 1343136 plummer blocks (SONL) 1373139 preparations 130 replacement parts 1243129 mounting sleeves for installing seals 150 for mounting cylindrical roller bearings 81384 movable machine 1673169 Multiflex See SKF Multiflex multi-row tapered roller bearings See four-row tapered roller bearings N natural oil in grease 183 in oil 203 NBR See acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers needle roller bearings dismounting 255, 258 mounting 80381 radial internal clearance values 393 types and designs 15316 NLGI grade 184 grease performance test 188 noise condition monitoring 221 troubleshooting 233 non-contact seals external seals 39 integral bearing seals 40 removal 284 non-locating bearing arrangements 30331 non-separable bearings 190 non-soaps 183 O offset drive alignment 175 oil analysis 2103212 comparison with grease 182, 214 compatibility 201, 210 filtering 2113212 sampling 210 selection 2033207 viscosity 2033206 oil bath 208 for heating bearings 71 oil change interval 209 oil sampling 210 trouble conditions 2363237 oil bleeding 181, 184, 187 grease performance test 188 relubrication interval adjustment 205 oil change intervals 209 oil injection method dimensions for ducts, grooves and holes 405 for dismounting a bearing from a solid housing 268 for dismounting a bearing on a cylindrical shaft seat 258 for dismounting a bearing on a tapered shaft seat 260 for dismounting a bearing on a withdrawal sleeve 266 for dismounting a bearing on an adapter sleeve 264 for mounting bearings 62366 oil injectors 72 oil jet 208 oil change interval 209 oil leakage 182 troubleshooting 236 oil level gauge 137, 139 oil lubrication 2033212 oil lubrication systems 2073209 oil pick-up ring 2073208 in SONL housings 1373139 oil change interval 209 oil pressure calculation for SKF Drive-up Method 58 values for SKF Drive-up Method 4063413 oil separation See oil bleeding oil spot See oil-air oil-air 2073208 SKF Oil+Air 215 one-piece plummer block housings 126 on-site machining 330 443Index operating temperature condition monitoring 221 of bearings 187, 204 of grease 1863187 relubrication interval adjustment 195 troubleshooting 190, 202, 233 operational clearance 29 operator driven reliability 219, 330 O-rings 39 oscillating applications 207 outer ring rotation load conditions 32 path patterns 293 relubrication interval adjustment 195 wheel application 87388 out-of-balance See unbalance out-of-round 241 caused by defective seats 3023303 path patterns 2963297 troubleshooting 241 out-of-square caused by defective seats 302 caused by static misalignment 304 troubleshooting 251 oval clamping See out-of-round overheating 233 overload 2983299 caused by faulty mounting practices 305 caused by incorrect transportation or storage 308 over-rolling 231 bearing defect frequencies 224 oxidation of grease 187 prevention 81, 185, 203 resulting in corrosion 299 oxidized lubricant 226, 254 P paint on support surfaces 130, 161, 165 seal protection 150 particle counting 212 path patterns 2913297 perpendicularity 36, 386 pick-up ring See oil pick-up ring pillow block See plummer block pinching See out-of-round plastic deformation 2983299 indentations 3053306, 316 overload 305, 308 plugs See end covers plummer block housings dismounting 2803281 mounting SNL housings 1343136 mounting SONL housings 1373139 types and designs 1253126 plummer block units dismounting 2703277 mounting 1043120 types and designs 963100 polishing wear caused by incorrect fits 3003301 caused by ineffective sealing 315 polyamide bearing unit housings 100 compatibility with EP additives 202 polyurea 183 predictive maintenance 2183219 preload operational 29, 51 troubleshooting 2403245 values for angular contact ball bearings 389 premature bearing failure See bearing damage preservatives compatibility 189, 202 removal from new bearings 47, 202 pressed steel 100 presses for dismounting bearings 258, 267 for installing seals 146 for mounting bearings 53 pressure gauges 56 preventive maintenance 2183219 proactive reliability maintenance 219 ProFlex See SKF ProFlex PTFE at high temperatures 142 compatibility 202 designation suffix for seals 145 radial shaft seals 143, 146, 150 pullers for dismounting a bearing from a solid housing 2673269 for dismounting a bearing on a cylindrical shaft seat 2563257 for dismounting a bearing on a tapered shaft seat 260 for dismounting flanged housings 282 pulley alignment See belt alignment pulling plates 260 pumps for SKF Drive-up Method 56 selection guide 72 purging during relubrication 196 during renewal 199 trouble conditions 239 R radial bearings 12317 radial internal clearance 29, 51 measuring with a feeler gauge 52 reduction values when mounting 4033404 residual values after mounting 4033404 values for angular contact ball bearings 3893390 values for CARB toroidal roller bearings 3993400 values for cylindrical roller bearings 393 values for deep groove ball bearings 388 values for four-point contact ball bearings 391 values for needle roller bearings 393 values for self-aligning ball bearings 392 values for spherical roller bearings 3973398 values for Y-bearings 401 radial location 31336 trouble conditions 2413242, 246 radial shaft seals cleaning 146 installation into a housing 1463149 installation over a shaft 150 replacement 151 types and designs 1433145 radiators See infrared radiators rating life 27328 reactive maintenance 2183219 recommended fits See fits reference temperature 203 refurbishment 331 reheat furnaces 182 reliability engineering 327 relieved fillets 38 dimensions 387 relubrication 1923198 effect on temperature 221 of sealed bearings 90, 192 relubrication intervals 1923195 troubleshooting 236, 2453246 remanufacturing 331 removing seals 2843286 renewal 1983199 replacement parts for bearing units 943100 for housings 1243129 for seals 1423145 replenishment 1953196 44414 resultant fits for housings (inch) 3723381 for housings (metric) 3503359 for shafts (inch) 3603371 for shafts (metric) 3383349 retaining rings 91 reverse rim method 1703171 rim-face method 1703171 ring creep See creep ring gauges 47 RMI See SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute roll neck bearings 259 roll stability 188 roller bearing units designations 96, 100 dismounting 2763277 mounting 1143120 shaft locking methods 94396 types and designs 963100 rolling bearings See bearings rotating load 32 troubleshooting 243 rotating outer ring load conditions 32 path patterns 293 relubrication interval adjustment 195 wheel application 87388 rotational centre 167 rubbing 233 running accuracy 35336 tolerances for bearing seats 386 tolerances for shafts (sleeve mounting) 384 running-in 191 runout 36 tolerances for bearing seats 386 rust caused by defective seats 302 caused by ineffective sealing 3173318 troubleshooting 246 rust inhibiting preservative 188 compatibility with greases 189, 202 removal 202 S safety datasheets See material safety datasheets salt water 185 seal counterface 142 inspection 2263227 repair 1513154 requirements 146 seal lips made of PTFE 146 materials 145 orientation 146, 239 types and designs 1433145 sealants for installing seals 148, 152 to prevent oil leakage 137 sealed bearings 40 deep groove ball bearings 40 heating 68 relubrication 192 self-aligning ball bearings 79 shelf life 41 spherical roller bearings 90 trouble conditions 238 washing 189 sealing arrangements 39340 trouble conditions 238 sealing washers 156 seals external seals 39 for bearing units 96 for housings 1283129 installation 1403157 integral bearing seals 40 radial shaft seals 1433145 removal 2843286 service life 28 shelf life 42 terminology 11 trouble conditions 233, 235 seats See bearing seats self-aligning ball bearings axial drive-up values 402 greasing on initial installation 191 lock nut tightening angles 402 mounting 79380 mounting (oil injection method) 62366 mounting (SKF Drive-up Method) 57361 radial internal clearance values 392 SKF Drive-up Method values 392 types and designs 13 SensorMount 67 separable bearings greasing on initial installation 190 mounting 80 serial numbers on four-point contact ball bearings 78 on four-row cylindrical roller bearings 82 on four-row tapered roller bearings 89 on plummer block housings 27 service life 28329 influencing factors 2303231 set screw See grub screw shaft alignment 1673174 measuring conventions 1673168 methods 1703173 tolerances 169 shaft locking methods 94396 shaft movement 234 shaft repair 1523154 shelf life of bearings 41 of elastomer seals 42 of lubricants 43 shields 40 shimming 163 shims See machinery shims shock loading additive requirements 207 bearing damage 248, 308 relubrication interval adjustment 195 Shopfloor Awareness Cards 330 short foot See soft foot sine bars 47 size code 22 SKF ptitude Decision Support 327 SKF ptitude Exchange 327 SKF Authorized Distributors 331 SKF Bearing fitting tool kit for installing seals 146 for mounting bearings 72 SKF Certified Electric Motor Rebuilders 331 SKF Certified Maintenance Partners 331 SKF CircOil 215 SKF Client Needs Analysis 328 SKF ConCentra ball bearing units dismounting 275 mounting 1113114 SKF ConCentra locking 94395 SKF ConCentra roller bearing units dismounting 2763277 mounting 1143118 445Index SKF Drive-up Method 57361 axial displacement values 4063413 hydraulic nuts 4063413 oil pressure values 4063413 tools 56357 SKF Duoflex 215 SKF Duralife 145 SKF Duralip 145 SKF EMCOR rating 188 SKF Energy Monitoring Service 3293330 SKF Grease Test Kit 222 SKF greases 4233431 for SKF SYSTEM 24 lubricators 199 selection chart 4303431 SKF Lubrication Planner 180 SKF LubriLean 215 SKF Machine Condition Advisor 223 SKF Monoflex 215 SKF Multiflex 215 SKF Oil+Air 215 SKF ProFlex 215 SKF rating life 27328 SKF Reliability Maintenance Institute 3263327 SKF SPEEDI-SLEEVE 225 installation 1523153 SKF Springcover 1443145 SKF Springlock groove 1443145 SKF SYSTEM 24 1983199 SKF tools and products for alignment 419 for condition monitoring 4323434 for dismounting 4353436 for lubrication 4203422 for mounting 4163418 SKF traffic light concept 1863187 SKF V2F rating 188 SKF Vibracon SM elements 1623165 SKF WAVE seal lip 143 skidding See smearing sliding See smearing slotted elements See chocks smearing resulting in adhesive wear 301, 312 troubleshooting 244, 247 SNL housings See plummer block housings soaps 183, 185 soft foot 162 solid additives in centralized lubrication systems 213 in grease 184 in oil 203 solid contaminants 2113212 troubleshooting 245, 249 solid oil 1823183 solid seals installation 133, 149 types and designs 1443145 solvents for cleaning bearings 224 handling 225 types 254 SONL housings See plummer block housings spacer lugs 144 spacer rings 91, 151 spacing washers 156 spalling 231 subsurface initiated 3033304, 309 surface initiated 301, 304, 3103311 troubleshooting 244, 2493250 speed factor 187 limits for grease lubrication 186, 194 SPEEDI-SLEEVE See SKF SPEEDI-SLEEVE spherical roller bearings axial drive-up values 403 clearance reduction values 403 designs 17 lock nut tightening angles 403 mounting 90 mounting (oil injection method) 62366 mounting (SKF Drive-up Method) 57361 radial internal clearance values 3973398 SKF Drive-up Method values 4073411 spheroidal graphite cast iron 126 spindle reconditioning services 331 spirit levels for belt alignment 176 for shaft alignment 170 splines 150, 152 split plummer block housings See plummer block housings split seals 133, 1543155 Springcover See SKF Springcover stabilizing rings See locating rings standstill excessive voltage damage 307 moisture corrosion damage 3173318 vibration damage 319 start-up of grease lubricated bearings 1863187, 1903191 of oil lubricated bearings 207 stationary inner ring 293 stationary load 32 stationary machine 1673168 storage bearing damage 308 of bearings 41 of elastomer seals 42 of lubricants 42343 straightedge method for belt alignment 1763177 for offset drive alignment 175 for shaft alignment 1703171 subsurface initiated fatigue 2983299, 309 caused by defective seats 303 caused by incorrect fits 301 caused by static misalignment 304 suffix list for bearing units 96 for bearings 24325 for housings 1273128 for seals 145 super-precision bearings greasing on initial installation 191 types and designs 12, 18 support surfaces for bearing units 101 for housings 130 surface damage 2333235 surface initiated fatigue 2983299 caused by defective seats 303 caused by incorrect fits 301 caused by ineffective lubrication 3103311 caused by static misalignment 304 troubleshooting 249 surface roughness 36 mean values 387 surface wetting 202 sustainability 3293330 synthetic oil in grease 183 in oil 203 SYSTEM 24 See SKF SYSTEM 24 T taconite seals 1283129 take-up housings 1253126 take-up units dismounting 2703277 mounting 1043120 taper gauges 47348 44614 tapered roller bearings adjusting back-to-back arrangements 86388 adjusting face-to-face arrangements 84385 axial internal clearance values 396 greasing on initial installation 191 mounting 84389 trouble conditions 245 types and designs 16317 tapered shaft seats dismounting bearings 2593264 measurement form 48 mounting bearings 54356 temperature ambient 161 condition monitoring 221 operating 1863187 reference 203 trouble conditions 233 temperature difference between inner and outer rings 221 considerations for alignment 161 considerations for fit selection 33 trouble conditions 240 terminology 10311 test running 174 thermal cracking 2983299 caused by incorrect fits 301 thermal expansion considerations for alignment 161, 169 considerations for fit selection 33334 mounting CARB toroidal roller bearings 91 thermal inspection 221 thermometers 221 thickeners compatibility 201 types 183 thrust bearings 18319 tightening torque 166 values for attachment bolts/nuts 105, 131 values for bearing units 1023103 values for cap bolts 131 tolerance classes See ISO, tolerance classes tolerance grades See ISO, tolerance grades tolerance tables for housings (inch) 3723381 for housings (metric) 3503359 for shafts (inch) 3603371 for shafts (metric) 3383349 for shafts (sleeve mounting) 384 modified deviations for inch bearings 3823383 tools See SKF tools and products torque indicator 1123113 torque keys See hexagonal keys Total Cost of Ownership 329 total loss lubrication systems 214 track runner bearings 19320 traffic light concept See SKF traffic light concept training 3263327 transportation damage 308 troubleshooting 2283251 true brinelling 308 U ultrasonic probes 221 unbalance 243, 246 unit conversion table 437 units See bearing units universally matchable bearings axial internal clearance values 389 axial preload values 389 mounting 76 V V2F rating See SKF V2F rating variable speed machines 223 vertical shafts considerations for lubricant selection 182 relubrication interval adjustment 195 Vibracon SM elements See SKF Vibracon SM elements vibration false brinelling damage 308, 319 grease performance test 188 relubrication interval adjustment 195 troubleshooting 234 vibration monitoring 2223224 bearing defect frequencies 224 taking measurements 223 viscosity calculation 2043206 equivalents 414 of base oil in grease 185 of oil 203 trouble conditions 246, 249 viscosity grades See ISO viscosity grades viscosity index 203 viscosity ratio 204 VKA test 188 voltage 307 V-ring seals installation in plummer block housings 135 installation over a shaft 157 removal 286 W washboarding 322 washdowns 29 washers for bearing units 101 for housings 131 water bearing damage 3173318 contamination 181, 187, 212 content in oil 2103211 resistance of grease 183, 185, 188 WAVE seal lip See SKF WAVE seal lip wear 2983299 abrasive 3003301, 313, 3143315 adhesive 301, 312 wear sleeves 1523153 welding 172 wheel hubs 87388 withdrawal sleeves dismounting bearings 2643267 mounting bearings (oil injection method) 62366 mounting bearings (SKF Drive-up Method) 57361 X XNBR See acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers Y Y-bearing units See bearing units Y-bearings assembly 121 radial internal clearance values 401 types and designs 21
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