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| موضوع: كتاب Introduction to Health and Safety at Work - Second Edition الإثنين 20 نوفمبر 2023, 6:45 am | |
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أخواني في الله أحضرت لكم كتاب Introduction to Health and Safety at Work Second edition The Handbook for the NEBOSH National General Certificate Phil Hughes MBE, MSc, FIOSH, RSP, Chairman NEBOSH 1995–2001 Ed Ferrett PhD, BSc, (Hons Eng), CEng, MIMechE, MlEE, MI0SH, Deputy Chairman NEBOSH
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents PREFACE xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiii ABOUT THE AUTHORS xv LIST OF PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS xvi ILLUSTRATIONS CREDITS xvii 1 HEALTH AND SAFETY FOUNDATIONS 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Some basic definitions 1 1.3 The legal framework for health and safety 3 1.4 The legal system in England and Wales 4 1.5 The legal system in Scotland 5 1.6 European Courts 5 1.7 Sources of law (England and Wales) 5 1.8 Common law torts and duties 6 1.9 Levels of statutory liability 7 1.10 The influence of the European Union (EU) on health and safety 8 1.11 The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 9 1.12 The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 13 1.13 Role and function of external agencies 13 1.14 Moral, legal and financial arguments for health and safety management 14 1.15 The framework for health and safety management 17 1.16 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 1 19 2 POLICY 21 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 Legal requirements 21 2.3 Key elements of a health and safety policy 22 2.4 Review of health and safety policy 23 2.5 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 2 24 Appendix 2.1 – Health and Safety Policy checklist 25 3 ORGANIZING FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY 27 3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 Control 27 3.3 Employers’ responsibilities 28 3.4 Employees’ responsibilities 28 3.5 Organizational health and safety responsibilities 28 3.6 Role and functions of health and safety and other advisers 29 3.7 Persons in control of premises 31 3.8 Self-employed 32 v3.9 The supply chain 32 3.10 Contractors 34 3.11 Joint occupation of premises 37 3.12 Cooperation with the workforce 37 3.13 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 3 39 Appendix 3.1 – Typical organizational responsibilities 39 4 PROMOTING A POSITIVE HEALTH AND SAFETY CULTURE 43 4.1 Introduction 43 4.2 Definition of a health and safety culture 43 4.3 Safety culture and safety performance 44 4.4 Human factors and their influence on safety performance 45 4.5 Human errors and violations 50 4.6 The development of a positive health and safety culture 52 4.7 Effective communication 54 4.8 Health and safety training 54 4.9 Internal influences 56 4.10 External influences 57 4.11 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 4 59 5 RISK ASSESSMENT 61 5.1 Introduction 61 5.2 Legal aspects of risk assessment 61 5.3 Forms of risk assessment 62 5.4 Some definitions 62 5.5 The objectives of risk assessment 63 5.6 Accident categories 64 5.7 Health risks 64 5.8 The management of risk assessment 64 5.9 The risk assessment process 65 5.10 Risk control measures 66 5.11 Hierarchy of risk control 66 5.12 Prioritization of risk control 67 5.13 Record of risk assessment findings 67 5.14 Monitoring and review 67 5.15 Special cases 67 5.16 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 5 69 Appendix 5.1 – Hazard checklist 69 Appendix 5.2 – Example of a risk assessment record 70 6 PRINCIPLES OF CONTROL 73 6.1 Introduction 73 6.2 Principles of prevention 73 6.3 Hierarchy of risk control 74 6.4 Controlling health risks 77 6.5 Safe systems of work 79 6.6 Lone workers 82 6.7 Permits to work 82 6.8 Emergency procedures 85 6.9 First aid at work 87 6.10 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 6 89 Contents viAppendix 6.1 – Fire notice 90 Appendix 6.2 – Job safety analysis form 91 Appendix 6.3 – Essential elements of a permit-to-work form 92 7 MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AND VEHICLES – HAZARDS AND CONTROL 93 7.1 Introduction 93 7.2 Hazards to pedestrians 93 7.3 Control strategies for pedestrian hazards 95 7.4 Hazards in vehicle operations 98 7.5 Control strategies for safe vehicle operations 99 7.6 The management of vehicle movements 100 7.7 Managing occupational road safety 100 7.8 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 7 104 8 MANUAL AND MECHANICAL HANDLING HAZARDS AND CONTROL 107 8.1 Introduction 107 8.2 Manual handling hazards and injuries 107 8.3 Manual handling risk assessments 108 8.4 Types of mechanical handling and lifting equipment 112 8.5 Requirements for the statutory examination of lifting equipment 117 8.6 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 8 118 Appendix 8.1– Manual handling of load assessment checklist 119 9 WORK EQUIPMENT HAZARDS AND CONTROL 123 9.1 Introduction 123 9.2 Suitability of work equipment and CE marking 123 9.3 Use and maintenance of equipment with specific risks 125 9.4 Information, instruction and training 125 9.5 Maintenance and inspection 126 9.6 Operation and working environment 127 9.7 User responsibilities 128 9.8 Hand-held tools 128 9.9 Mechanical machinery hazards 130 9.10 Mobile work equipment 132 9.11 Non-mechanical machinery hazards 135 9.12 Examples of machinery hazards 135 9.13 Practical safeguards 137 9.14 Other safety devices 139 9.15 Application of safeguards to the range of machines 141 9.16 Guard construction 145 9.17 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 9 146 10 ELECTRICAL HAZARDS AND CONTROL 149 10.1 Introduction 149 10.2 Principles of electricity and some definitions 149 10.3 Electrical hazards and injuries 151 10.4 General control measures for electrical hazards 156 10.5 The selection and suitability of equipment 157 10.6 Inspection and maintenance strategies 159 10.7 Portable electrical appliances testing 160 10.8 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 10 162 Contents vii11 FIRE HAZARDS AND CONTROL 165 11.1 Introduction 165 11.2 The draft Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (RRFSO) – Requirements 166 11.3 Basic principles of fire 168 11.4 Methods of extinction 170 11.5 Classification of fire 170 11.6 Principles of heat transmission and fire spread 170 11.7 Common causes of fire and consequences 172 11.8 Fire risk assessment 173 11.9 Fire detection and warning 177 11.10 Means of escape in case of fire 178 11.11 Principles of fire protection in buildings 180 11.12 Provision of fire-fighting equipment 182 11.13 Maintenance and testing of fire-fighting equipment 182 11.14 Planning for an emergency and training staff 183 11.15 Fire procedures and people with a disability 183 11.16 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 11 184 12 CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL HEALTH HAZARDS AND CONTROL 185 12.1 Introduction 185 12.2 Forms of chemical agent 185 12.3 Forms of biological agent 186 12.4 Classification of hazardous substances and their associated health risks 186 12.5 Routes of entry to the human body 188 12.6 Health hazards of specific agents 190 12.7 Requirements of the COSHH Regulations 193 12.8 Details of a COSHH assessment 194 12.9 The control measures required under the COSHH Regulations 197 12.10 Health surveillance and personal hygiene 204 12.11 Maintenance and emergency controls 204 12.12 Environmental considerations 204 12.13 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 12 206 13 PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH HAZARDS AND CONTROL 209 13.1 Introduction 209 13.2 Task and workstation design 209 13.3 Welfare and work environment issues 214 13.4 Noise 216 13.5 Heat and radiation hazards 221 13.6 The causes and prevention of workplace stress 224 13.7 Causes and prevention of workplace violence 225 13.8 The effects of alcohol and drugs 228 13.9 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 13 230 14 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES – HAZARDS AND CONTROL 233 14.1 Introduction 233 14.2 The scope of construction 233 14.3 Construction hazards and controls 234 14.4 The management of construction activities 239 14.5 Working above ground level or where there is a risk of falling 242 14.6 Excavations 247 14.7 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 14 249 Appendix 14.1 – Inspection report 250 Contents viii15 INCIDENT INVESTIGATION, RECORDING AND REPORTING 253 15.1 Introduction 253 15.2 Reasons for incident/accident investigation 254 15.3 Which incidents/accidents should be investigated? 255 15.4 Investigations and causes of incidents 256 15.5 Legal recording and reporting requirements 259 15.6 Internal systems for collecting and analysing incident data 260 15.7 Compensation and insurance issues 261 15.8 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 15 262 Appendix 15.1 – Injury report form 263 Appendix 15.2 – Information for insurance/compensation claims 265 16 MONITORING, REVIEW AND AUDIT 267 16.1 Introduction 267 16.2 The traditional approach to measuring health and safety performance 267 16.3 Why measure performance? 268 16.4 What to measure 269 16.5 Measuring failure – reactive monitoring 270 16.6 Proactive monitoring – how to measure performance 270 16.7 Who should monitor performance? 272 16.8 Frequency of monitoring and inspections 272 16.9 Report writing 273 16.10 Review and audit 274 16.11 Practice NEBOSH questions for Chapter 16 277 Appendix 16.1 Workplace inspection exercises 277 Appendix 16.2 – Basic checklist of items to be covered in an area inspection 279 17 SUMMARY OF THE MAIN LEGAL REQUIREMENTS 281 17.1 Introduction 281 17.2 The legal framework 281 17.3 List of Acts, Order and Regulations summarized 282 17.4 Health and Safety at Work etc. Act (HSW Act) 1974 283 17.5 Environmental Protection Act 1990 286 17.6 Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 291 17.7 Confined Spaces Regulations 1997 294 17.8 Construction (Design and Management) (CDM) Regulations 1994 and Amendment Regulations 2000 296 17.9 Construction (Head Protection) Regulations 1989 300 17.10 Construction (Health, Safety and Welfare) (CHSW) Regulations 1996 301 17.11 Health and Safety (Consultation with Employees) Regulations 1996 303 17.12 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002 and 2005 Amendment 304 17.13 Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (DSEAR) 2002 308 17.14 Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 311 17.15 Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 313 17.16 Employers’ Liability (Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969 and Regulations 1998 316 17.17 Draft Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 317 17.18 Health and Safety (First aid) Regulations 1981 325 17.19 Health and Safety (Information for Employees) Regulations 1989 325 17.20 Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 325 17.21 Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 as amended in 2002 327 17.22 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 as amended in 2003 331 Contents ix17.23 Manual Handling Operations Regulations (MHO) 1992 as amended in 2002 333 17.24 Noise at Work Regulations 1989 336 17.25 Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 as amended in 2002 338 17.26 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (except part IV) as amended in 2002 341 17.27 The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 346 17.28 Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations 1977 348 17.29 Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996 349 17.30 Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 1992 352 17.31 Draft Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 355 17.32 Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 as amended in 2002 358 17.33 Work at Height Regulations 2005 360 17.34 Other relevant Regulations in brief 364 18 INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY 367 18.1 Introduction 367 18.2 Major occupational health and safety management systems 369 18.3 Other key characteristics of a health and safety management system 374 18.4 The role of the regulatory authorities 377 18.5 The benefits and problems associated with occupational health and safety management systems 378 18.6 Conclusions on the three health and safety management systems 379 18.7 Other minor additions to the International General Certificate 379 18.8 Practice NEBOSH questions for the International General Certificate 380 19 STUDY SKILLS 19.1 Introduction 383 19.2 Finding a place to study 383 19.3 Planning for study 383 19.4 Blocked thinking 384 19.5 Taking notes 384 19.6 Reading for study 384 19.7 Organizing for Revision 384 19.8 Organizing information 385 19.9 How does memory work? 386 19.10 How to deal with exams 387 19.11 The examiners’ reports 388 19.12 Conclusion 389 19.13 References 389 INDEX 391 Contents Index Abrasion hazards 131–2 Absolute liability 7–8 Access control 227–8 Access equipment height working 242–7 Accident books 259 Accidents 2 see also incidents categories 64 costs 17 definition 63 incident rate 44–55 investigations 253–5 rates 15–16 Accommodation, clothing 215 ACOP see Approved Code of Practice Action, incidents/accidents investigations 255 Acts, summary 282–3 Advantages, portable electrical appliance testing 161 Advisers, health and safety 29–30 Agricultural machines, safeguards 142–3 Air pollution 205 Air receivers, examination 127 Alarms, security equipment 228 Alcohol: abuse investigation 229–30 effects 228–30 Alpha particles 221 Ammonia 191 Appointed persons, first-aid 88–9 Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) 10–11 Arcing electric 154 Area inspection checklist 279–80 Asbestos 192 Asbestos (Licensing) Regulations 1983 (amended 1998) 364 Assembly and roll call, emergencies 86–7 Assessments: see also risk assessments exposure 78–9 health surveillance 78–9 safe systems of work 80 Audit: health and safety management system 376–7 performance 274–7 Basic elements, management systems 369–70 BATNEEC see Best Available Techniques not Entailing Excessive Cost Benchmark standard, auditing 276 Benefits, incidents/accidents investigations 254–5 Best Available Techniques not Entailing Excessive Cost 287 Best Practicable Environmental Option 287 Best practice guidance 11 Beta particles 221–2 Biological agents 186 Biological health hazards 185–208 Boiler examinations 127 BPEO see Best Practicable Environmental Option Breathing apparatus 201–3 Brush cutter/strimmer hazards 136 Building, fire protection 180–2 Burns 151–2 Buying equipment 33–4 Carbon dioxide 191 Carbon monoxide 191 Cardiovascular system 189–90 Carrying employees, mobile work equipment 133–4 Case law see civil law; common law; criminal law; Regulations CDM see Construction Design and Management CDM Regulations, definition 239 CE markings 123–4 Cement mixer safeguards 144 Cement/concrete mixer hazards 136 Certificate of conformity 124 Changing facilities 215 Checklist: area inspection 279–80 hazards 69 Health and Safety Policy 25–6 manual handling of load assessment 119–21 organization 25 plant 25–6 policy 25 scaffolding faults 252 Chemical Agents, types 185–6 Chemical health hazards 185–208 Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 33, 291–4 Chlorine 191 CHSW see Construction (Health Safety and Welfare) (CHSW) Regulations 1996 Circular saw hazards 136 Civil law 3–4, 5 Closed circuit television 228 Codes of Practice, ACOP 10–11 Collisions: pedestrians and flying objects 96 pedestrians and moving vehicles 94, 96 pedestrians and stationary objects 96–7 Colour codes, safety signs 350–2 Commercial stakeholders 59 Commitment, management 52, 56 Common law 5–7 torts and duties 6–7 Communication: effective 54, 57 lines 27 safe systems of work 81–2 Company car driver rules 104 Comparison with relevant standards, incident investigation 258 Compensation: accidents/incidents 261–2 claims 265–6 Competence definition 53–4 Competent persons 29–30 Conduction of heat 170–1 Confined spaces 84 Confined Spaces Regulations 1997 294–6 Conformity certificates 124 Construction activities: hazards and control 234–52 management 239–42 Construction (Design and Management) (CDM) Regulations 1994/2000 35, 233, 296–300 Construction guards 145–6 Construction (Head Protection) Regulations 1989 233, 300 Construction (Health Safety and Welfare) (CHSW) Regulations 1996 233, 301–4 Construction industry scope 233–4 Continual improvement systems 377 Contractors 34–7 authorization 36 rules observance 36–7 391[Contractors] safety rules 36 selection and control 35, 241–2 Control: see also risk control biological health hazards 185–208 chemical health hazards 185–208 construction activities 233–52 contractors 241–2 COSHH measures 197–206 electrical hazards 149–63 excavations 248 fire hazards 165–84 health risks 77–9 manual handling hazards 107–21 mechanical handling hazards 107–21 organization 27 physical health hazards 209–31 psychological health hazards 209–31 risks 66 work equipment 123–48 working above ground level 242 Control of asbestos at work Regulations 2002 364 Control hierarchy, COSHH Regulations 78 Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002 365 Control measures for electrical hazards 156–7 Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986 366 Control of risks 73–92 Control strategies, vehicle operation 99–100 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002/2005 33, 304–8 assessments 194–7 requirements 193–4 role 187 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) control hierarchy 78 control measures 197–206 principles of good practice 306 Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 355–8 Convection of heat 170 Conveyors 112–14 Cooperation, workforce 37–9 COSHH see Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations Courts 4–5 Cranes 116–17 Criminal law 4 Crushing hazards 131–2 Culture: development 52–4 effective communication 54 promotion of positive health and safety 43–60 Customer information 33 Cutting hazards 131–2 Cylinder mower 136 Dangerous occurrence definition 2, 63 Dangerous substances: fire hazards 176–7 packaging 292 risk assessment regulations 319 Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (DSEAR) 2002 308–11 Definitions, basic 1–3, 63 Demolition hazards and control 236–7 Development, safe systems 80–1 Direct burning, fire spread 171 Directors responsibilities 28–9 Disabled people, fire procedures 183–4 Disease rates 16 Display screen equipment (DSE) 213–14 Display Screen Equipment Regulations 1992 311–13 Document shredders: machinery hazards 135 safeguards 141 Documentation, safe systems of work 81 Doors, means of escape from fire 178 Drawing-in hazards 131–2 Drinking water 215 Drivers: distance 104 ergonomic considerations 103 fitness and health 103 risk evaluation 102–4 route planning 103 safety equipment 103 scheduling 103 suitability of vehicle 103 time 103–4 training 102–3 vehicle condition 103 weather conditions 104 Drowning prevention 237 Drug abuse investigation 229–30 Drug effects 228–30 DSE see Display screen equipment DSEAR see Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002 Duties: see also responsibilities common law 6–7 Duty of care 7 Duty holders, responsibilities 239–40 Earmuffs 220 Earplugs 220 Ears: human 216–17 protection 220 Eating facilities 215 Economics 58–9 Ejection hazards 131–2 Electric arcing 154 Electric burns 151–2 treatment 152 Electric shock 151–2 treatment 152 Electrical equipment: selection 157–9 suitability 157–9 Electrical explosions 152–4 Electrical fires 152–4 Electrical hazards 149–63 general control measures 156–7 inspection strategies 159–60 maintenance strategies 159 protective systems 157–9 Electrical (Safety) Regulations 1994 365 Electricity: construction hazards and control 238 definitions 150–1 injuries 151–6 inspection strategies 159–60 maintenance strategies 159–60 principles 149–51 static 154–5 Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 313–16 Elevators 112–14 Emergencies: assembly and roll call 86–7 chemical and biological hazards 204 procedures 85–7 supervisors 86 Emergency planning, fire 183 Employees: duties HSW Act 13 representation 57 responsibilities 28 Employers: duties 7, 13 responsibilities 28 Employers Liability (Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969 and Regulations 1998 316–17 Enforcement, HSW act 12–13 Engineering controls: COSHH regulations 198–9 design 75 England and Wales, legal system 4–5 Entanglement hazards 131–2 Environment Agency 14 Environmental considerations 204–6 chemical and biological hazards 204–5 Environmental Protection Act 1990 286–91 Environmental protection definition 2 Equipment: operating environment 127–8 specific risks 125 working environment 127–8 Ergonomics: ill-health effects 210–13 task design 209–14 workstation design 209–14 Errors, human 50–2 Escape routes, fire 178 Escape times, fire 179 EU see European Union European Courts 5 European Union (EU) directives 9 influence of 8–9 392 IndexEvaluation, risk levels 65–6 Examination: air receivers 127 boilers 127 lifting equipment 117–18 Excavations 247–9 construction hazards and control 237 precautions 248 Exceptional violations 52 Expectant mothers, risk assessment 68 Explosions, electrical 152–4 Exposure assessments 78–9 External agencies 13–14 External influences 57–9 Eye protection 203 Falling: from height 95–6, 235–6 protection against 235–6 Falling object protective structures (FOPS) 134 Falling objects, protection against 236 Falls: from height 95–6, 235–6 slips and trips 95 Fault and no-fault compensation 379–80 Files, health and safety 241 Financial arguments 17–18 Fines see penalties Fire: alarm testing 87 authority 13–14 basic principles 168–9 classification 170 common causes 172–3 compartmentation 181 construction hazards and control 238 detection 177–8 drills 87 electrical 152–4 emergency planning 183 extinguishers 182 hazards and control 165–84 location at risk 174–5 means of escape 178–80 notices 86, 87, 90 people with a disability 183–4 persons at risk 174–5 risk assessment 173–7 findings 175 maintenance 177 monitoring and reviewing 175 plans 177 refurbishment 177 structural features 177 risk reduction 175 routines 86 RRFSO: enforcement 168 offences 168 safety duties 167–8 training staff 183 warning 177–8 Fire fighting equipment maintenance 182–3 provision 182–3 Fire hazards: dangerous substances 176–7 identification 173–4 Fire precautions (Workplace) regulations 1999 165 Fire protection: buildings 180–2 load of building 180 Fire spread principles 170–2 First Aid Regulations 1981 325 First aider 89 First-aid 87–9 appointed persons 88 arrangements 89 box 88 contents 88 personnel numbers 89 Flying object hazards 96 Follow-up, incident investigation 258 FOPS see Falling object protective structures Fork lift trucks 114–16, 134 Forms: incident investigations 258 injury reports 263–4 inspection report, construction site 250–1 job safety analysis 91 manual handling risk assessment 120–1 safety method statement 92 Framework, management 17–18 Frequency, Portable electrical appliance testing 161 Fuel sources, fires 169 Gamma rays 222 Gas Appliances (Safety) Regulations 1992 365 Gas safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 365 Global adverse events, work related 368–9 Grinder safeguards 142 Guards: adjustable 137 construction 145–6 fixed 137 interlocking 138–9 machinery 137–9 Guidance: best practice 11 legal 11 Hand protection 203 Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) 211 Hand-held tools, work equipment 128–30 HAVS see Hand-arm vibration syndrome Hazard definition 3 Hazardous substances, classification and health risks 186–7 Hazards: checklist 69 construction activities 233–52 definition 62 elimination 75 excavations 247–8 fire 165–84 heat and radiation 221–3 identification 65 machinery 135–7 manual handling 107–21 mechanical handling 107–21 mechanical machinery 130–2 mobile work equipment 132–3 movement of people and vehicles 93–105 non-mechanical machinery 135 pedestrians 93–5 reduced time exposure 75 substitution 75 vehicle operations 98–9 work equipment 123–48 working above ground level 242 Health definition 1 Health hazards: biological 185–208 chemical 185–208 construction hazards and control 238 specific agents 190–3 survey techniques 196–7 Health risks 64 control 77–9 survey techniques 196–7 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HSW Act) 9–13, 21–2, 34, 281, 283–5 overview 10–11 Health and Safety Commission (HSC) 10, 13, 282, 285 Health and Safety (Consultation with Employees) Regulations 1996 38–9, 303–4 Health and safety culture 43–59 Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 311–13 Health and safety file, management of construction activities 241 Health and Safety File Regulations 299 Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 325 Health and Safety (Information for Employees) Regulations 1989 325 Health and safety management systems basic elements 369–70 benefits and problems 378 international 369–74 involvement of stakeholders 375–6 Health and safety plan, of construction activities 240–1 Health and safety policy, checklist 25–6 Health and safety rules, company car drivers 104 Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996 349–52 Health and safety standards, promotion 52–3 393 IndexHealth surveillance 204 Heat, transmission principles 170–2 Heat hazards 221–3 Height working 242–7 construction hazards and control 234–5 Heinrich’s accidents/incidents ratio 45 Hierarchy, risk control 74–7 High voltage apparatus, work permit 84 Highway Code 104 Hoists 117 Hold-to-run control 140–1 Hot work, permit 84 Housekeeping, risk control 75 HSC see Health and Safety Commission HSG 65, international health and safety management system 370–1 HSW Act see Health and Safety at Work Act Human body, routes of entry 188 Human errors 50–2 ICC see Incident Contact Centre Ignition sources 169 Ill-health effects of poor ergonomics 210–13 ILO-OSH 2001, international health and safety management system 373–4 Incident Contact Centre (ICC) 260 Incidents: causes 256–8 data analysis/collection 260–1 investigation 256–8 recording and reporting 253–66 legal recording and reporting requirements 259–60 Incidents/accidents, reasons for investigation 254–5 Individual capability, manual handling assessment 110 Induction training 55 Information: customers 33 risk control 75–6 work equipment hazards and control 125 Information for Employees Regulations 1989 325–7 Information gathering, review and audit 275–6 Infra-red radiation 223 Injuries: see also accidents accident investigation 255 electricity 151–6 manual handling 108 report forms 263–4 risk reduction 110–11 Inspections: construction site, report 250–1 electricity, strategies 159–60 equipment for work at height 247 excavations 248–9 frequency 272–3 hand tools 129 lifting equipment 118 proactive monitoring and measuring performance 270–2 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 126–7 reports 272 standards 272 work equipment hazards and control 126–7 Inspectors powers: enforcement 12 HSW Act 285 Instruction, work equipment hazards and control 125 Insulating materials 181 Insurance: accidents/incidents 261–2, 265–6 claims 265–6 companies 14 Internal influences 56–7 International aspects, health and safety 367–80 International health and safety management system: HSG 65 370–1 ILO-OSH 2001 373–4 OHSAS 18001 371–2 Interview techniques 257–8 Investigations: alcohol problems 229–30 drug problems 229–30 incidents 256–8 forms 258 interview techniques 257–8 Ionising radiation 221–2 Ionising Radiation Regulations 1999 325–7 Isocyanates 191–2 Job safety analysis form 91 Job training 55 Ladders 242–3 Lasers 223 Lead 192 Legal arguments 16–17 Legal framework 3–4 Legal guidance 11 Legal reasons, incidents/accidents investigations 254 Legal requirements: safe systems of work 80 summary 281–366 Legal system: England and Wales 4–5 Scotland 5 Legionella 193 Legislation enforcement 58 Leptospirosis 192 Liability, statutory levels 7–8 Licences, waste management 289–90 Lifting equipment: cranes 116–17 fork lift trucks 114–16 statutory examination 117–18 types 112–17 Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (amended 2002) 327–31 Lifting tackle, cranes 117 Lifts 117 see also hoists Lighting: means of escape from fire 179 workplace environment 215 Limitations, portable electrical appliance testing 161 Load, manual handling assessment 109–10 Lone workers: risk assessment 68 safe systems 82 Machinery: hazards 135–7 safeguards 137–46 Maintenance: chemical and biological hazards 204 electricity, strategies 159–60 equipment with specific risks 125 equipment for work at height 247 fire fighting equipment 182–3 work equipment hazards and control 126–7 Management: commitment 52, 56 construction activities 239–40 framework 17–18 HSW Regulations 1999 12 occupational road safety 100–4 organizing for HSW 27–42 road safety, benefits 101 training 56 vehicle movements 100 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (MHSW) 1999 13, 73, 281, 331–3 Manager responsibilities 39–41 Manual handling: checklist 119–21 hazards 107–21 hierarchy of measures 108–9 injuries 107–8 loads 119–21 risk assessment 108–12 risk assessment forms 120–1 training 111–12 Manual Handling Operations Regulations (MHO) 1992 (amended 2002) 333–5 Maximum Exposure Limit (MEL) 194 Measuring failure, reactive monitoring 270 Measuring performance, observation techniques 271–2 Mechanical handling: equipment types 112–17 hazards 107–21 Mechanical machinery, hazards 130–2 MEL see Maximum exposure limit 394 IndexMHSW see Management of Health and Safety at Work Microwaves 223 Mistakes, human errors 51 Mobile elevated work platforms 246–7 Mobile phones, security equipment 228 Mobile scaffold towers 246 Mobile work equipment 132–5 Monitoring: risk control 76 safe systems 82 Monitoring performance frequency 272–3 responsibility 272 review and audit 267–80 Moral arguments 14–16 Musculoskeletal problems 214 Near miss, definition 2, 63 Negligence 6–7 Nervous system 189 Noise: action levels 218–19 assessments 217–19 construction hazards and control 238 control techniques 219–20 health effects 216–17 physical and psychological hazards and control 216–20 Noise at Work Regulations 1989 335–8 Non-ionising radiation 223 Non-mechanical machinery hazards 135 Nursing mothers, risk assessment 68 Objectives, risk assessment 63–4 Observation techniques, measuring performance 271 Occupational exposure limits, (OEL) 194–7 Occupational Exposure Standard, (OES) 194 Occupational ill-health, definition 63 Occupational road safety, management 100–4 Occupational/work-related ill health 2 Occupiers Liability Acts 1957 and 1984 365–6 OEL see Occupational exposure limits OES see Occupational Exposure Standard OHSAS 18001 international health and safety management system 371–2 Operating environment, equipment 127–8 Organic solvent hazards 191 Organization 27–42 control 27–8 policy 22–3 responsibilities 28–9 Oxygen, fire hazards 169 Pedestal drill hazards 135–6 Pedestrian hazards 93–5 control strategies 95–8 preventative measures 97–8 Pedestrians: collisions with flying objects 96 collisions with moving vehicles 96 collisions with stationary objects 96–7 Penalties, health and safety offences 12–13, 286 Performance: audit and review 274–7 measurement 267–72 reason for measurement 268–9 Performance assessment phase 369–70 Performance improvement phase 370 Permits to work 82–5 principles 83 types 83–4 Personal hygiene 204 Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 (amended 2002) 338–41 Personal protective equipment (PPE) COSHH regulations 200–3 risk control 76 Persons at risk 65 Persons in control of premises 31 Photocopiers: machinery hazards 135 safeguards 141 Physical health hazards 209–31 Planning phase, health and safety management systems 369 Plant checklist 25–6 Policy 21–8 arrangements 23 checklist 25–6 key elements 22–3 review 23–4 statement 21 Portable electrical appliance testing 160–2 Portable electrical equipment 155–6 Positive health and safety culture 374–5 Power tools, hand-held 129–30 PPE see Personal protective equipment Practicable, definition 8 Precautions, excavations 248 Premises: control 31 joint occupation 37 persons in control 31 Preparation, safe systems 81 Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 2000 (PSSR) 366 Preventative measures: COSHH Regulations 198 ergonomic risks 212–13 pedestrian hazards 97–8 Prevention: risks 73–4 workplace stress 224–5 Proactive monitoring 267, 270 Procedures, permits to work 82–3 Production demands 57 Promotion, health and safety standards 52–3 Protection strategies, radiation 223–4 Protective clothing 203–4 Protective systems, electrical equipment 157–9 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) 33, 123, 126–7, 137, 341–6 Psychological health hazards 209–31 Psychological problems, display screen equipment 214 Purchase of equipment, risk 33–4 PUWER see Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 Radiation: hazards 221–4 heat transmission 171 protection strategies 223–4 Radios and pagers 228 Reactive monitoring 267 incidents 253 measuring failure 270 Reasonably practicable, definition 8 Recommendations for action, incident investigation 258 Records: Portable electrical appliance testing 161 risk assessment 67, 70–1 Regulations: alphabetical list 282–3 chronological list 283 Regulatory authorities: role 377–8 safety management systems 378 Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2004 (RRFSO) 166–8, 317–24 Repetitive strain injury (RSI) (tenosynovitis) 210 Report forms, construction site inspection 250–1 Report writing, monitoring 273–4 Reporting of Injuries Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR) 259–60, 346–8 Reports, excavations 248–9 Resistance of structural elements, fire protection 181 Respiratory protection equipment 200–3 Respiratory system 188–9 Responsibilities: duty holders 239–40 employees 28 employers 28 managers 39–41 work permits 84–5 Rest facilities 215 Retail checkout conveyor machinery hazards 136 safeguards 144 Retail compactor: machinery hazards 136 395 Index[Retail compactor] safeguards 143–4 Review: performance 274–7 risk control 77 RIDDOR see Reporting of Injuries Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 Risk: control principles 73–92 definition 3, 62 evaluation 102–4 purchase of equipment 33–4 Risk assessment 61–71 definitions 62–3 examples 277–8 fire 172–7 legal aspects 61–2 level evaluation 65–6 management 64–5 manual handling 108–12 monitoring and review 67 objectives 63–4 process 65–6 records 67, 70–1 Regulations confined spaces 294–5 dangerous substances 319 legal requirement 281 special cases 67–9 types 62 Risk control hierarchy 66–7, 74–7 measures 66 performance measurement 269–70 prioritization 67 Risk reduction, injuries 110–11 Road safety management 102–4 Rollover protective structures (ROPS) 134 Roofs, fragile 236 ROPS see Rollover protective structures Routine violation 51 RRFSO see Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2004 RSI see Repetitive strain injury Rules, contractors safety 36 Safe driving: lift trucks 115 mobile work equipment 134–5 Safe place of work, construction hazards and control 234 Safe systems of work 79–82 definition 79 Safeguards, machinery 137–46 Safety: contractor rules 36 culture 44–5 definition 2 devices 139–41 hooks 117 method statement form 92 performance 44 Safety Committees Regulations 1977 38 Safety Representatives Regulations 1977 38 Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations 1977 348–9 Safety sampling, measuring performance 272 Safety Signs and Signals Regulations 1996 349–52 Sanitary conveniences 215–16 Scaffolds: fault checklist 252 fixed 244–6 Scotland, legal system 5 Scottish Environment Protection Agency see Environment Agency Seating, workplace environment 215–16 Security Equipment 228 Selection, contractors 241–2 Self-employed 32 Service demands 57 Shear hazards 131–2 Shock, electric 151–2 Signs: means of escape from fire 179 Regulations 350–2 Silica hazards 192 Situational violations 51–2 Skin 190 dermatitis 190 protection 203 Slips and lapses, human errors 50 Smoke spread in buildings 171–2 Societal expectations 58 Sound pressure levels 218 Sources of law (England and Wales) 5–6 Specialist training 56 Staging, working above ground level 243 Stakeholders involvement, health and safety management 375–6 Standards, promotion 52–3 Static electricity 154–5 Stationary objects, pedestrian hazards 96–7 Statute law 6 liability levels 7–8 Stepladders 243–4 Stress, causes and prevention 224–5 Study skills 383–9 Studying: examinations 387–9 location 383 memory 386–7 organizing information 385–6 planning 383–4 reading 384 revision 384–5 Substances hazardous to health, control hierarchy 78 Suitability, hand tools 129 Supervision, risk control 76 Supervisors: emergency procedures 86 responsibilities 41 training 56 Supervisory/people control regulations 199–200 Supply chain 32–4 Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 1992 33, 123, 352–5 Surface spread, fire protection 180–1 Survey techniques, health risks 196–7 Task, manual handling assessment 109 Task design, ergonomics 209–14 Temperature, extremes 221 Tenosynovitis 210 Testing: fire fighting equipment 182–3 portable electrical appliances 160–2 Time exposure reduction, risk control 75 Torts and duties 6–7 Trade unions 58 Traffic route hazards and control 237–8 Training 54–5 fire emergency plans 183 incident investigation 258 induction 55 jobs 55 management 56 manual handling 111–12 risk control 75–6 safe systems of work 81–2 specialist 56 supervisors 56 work equipment hazards and control 125 Trestles, working above ground level 243–4 Trip devices 139 Two-handed control devices, safety 139–40 Ultraviolet radiation 223 Urinary system 190 User checks, portable electrical appliances testing 160 User responsibilities, work equipment 128 Vehicle operation: control strategies 99–100 hazards 98–9 Vehicles: construction hazards and control 237–8 movement management 100 Vibration at Work Regulations 2005 355–8 Vibration Syndrome 211 Vibration white finger (VWF) 211 Violations, health and safety rules 51–2 Violence at work: causes and prevention 225–8 investigating 226–7 taking action 227–8 Visual inspection, portable electrical appliances testing 160–1 396 IndexVisual problems, display screen equipment 214 VWF see Vibration white finger WAHR see Work at Height Regulations 2005 Washing facilities 215–16 Waste disposal 206 Waste management licence 289–90 Water pollution 205–6 WBV see Whole body vibration Weil’s Disease (leptospirosis) 192 Welfare: definition 2 facilities 238 physical and psychological hazards and control 214–16 risk control 76 Whole body vibration (WBV) 211–12 Work at Height Regulations 2005 (WAHR) 234–5, 360–4 Work equipment: hand-held tools 128–30 hazards and control 123–48 mobile 132–5 suitability 123–4 user responsibilities 128 Work methods/patterns, risk control 75 Work permits 82–5 see also permits to work responsibilities 84–5 Work related upper limb disorders (WRULDs) 210–11 Work systems, risk control 75 Workers with a disability risk assessment 68 Workforce cooperation 37–9 Working above ground level 242–7 Working environment: equipment 127–8 manual handling assessment 110 Working Time Regulations 1998 (amended 1999) Regulations 366 Workplace environment 215–16 Workplace (Health Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (amended 2002) 358–60 Workplace inspection examples 277–8 Workstations: design 209–14 workplace environment 215–16 WRULDs see Work related upper limb disorders Young persons, risk assessment 67–8 List of principal abbreviations Most abbreviations are defined within the text. Abbreviations are not always used if it is not appropriate within the particular context of the sentence. The most commonly used ones are as follows: ACOP Approved Code of Practice ACM Asbestos Containing Material CBI Confederation of British Industry CDM Construction (Design and Management) Regulations CHIP Chemicals(Hazard Information and Packaging) Regulations COSHH Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations DSE Display Screen Equipment DSEAR Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations EC European Community EPA Environmental Protection Act 1990 EMAS Employment Medical Advisory Service EU European Union HAV Hand Arm Vibration HSC Health and Safety Commission HSE Health and Safety Executive HSW Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 ILO International Labour Office IOSH Institution of Occupational Safety and Health LOLER Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations MHSW Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations MHOR Manual Handling Operations Regulations MOT Ministry of Transport (still used for vehicle tests) NEBOSH National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health OHSAS Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series OSH Occupational Safety and Health PPE Personal Protective Equipment PUWER Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations RIDDOR Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations ROES Representative(s) of Employee Safety RRFSO Regulatory Reform Fire Safety Order STEL Short Term Exposure Limit TUC Trades Union Congress UK United Kingdom VAWR Vibration at Work Regulations WAHR Work at Height Regulations WBV Whole Body Vibration WEL Workplace Exposure Limit WRULD Work-related Upper Limb Disorder xviIllustrations credits Figure 1.5 Source HSE. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 1.12 From HSG 65 Successful Health and Safety Management (HSE Books 1997) ISBN 0717612767. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 4.3 From HSG 57 Seating at Work (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717612317. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 4.7 From HSG 48 Reducing Error and Influencing Behaviour (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 0717624528. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 5.1 From HSG 149 Backs for the Future: Safe Manual Handling in Construction (HSE Books 2000) ISBN 0717611221. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 6.1 Reproduced with permission from The Argus, Brighton. Figure 6.4 From HSG 150 (rev1) Health and Safety in Construction (HSE Books 2001) ISBN 0717621065. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 6.7 From PUWER 1998. Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998: Open Learning Guidance (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 0717624595. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 6.8 Cover of INDG 98 Permit-to-Work Systems (HSE 1998) ISBN 0717613313. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 7.1 From HSG 155 Slips and Trips (HSE Books 1996) ISBN 0717611450. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 7.4a For (a) only: From HSG 76 Health and Safety in Retail and Wholesale Warehouses (HSE Books 1992) ISBN 0118857312. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 7.6 From HSG 6 Safety in Working with Lift Trucks (HSE Books 2000) ISBN 0717617815. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. xviiFigure 7.7 From HSG 136 Workplace Transport Safety (HSE Books 1995) ISBN 0717609359. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.4 From L 23 Manual Handling Operations – Guidance on Regulations (HSE Books 2004) ISBN 071762823X. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.5 From Manual Handling in the Health Services (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717612481. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.6 From HSG 115 Manual Handling Solutions You Can Handle (HSE Books 1994) ISBN 0717606937. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.8a From HSG 115 Manual Handling Solutions You Can Handle (HSE Books 1994) ISBN 0717606937. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.8b From HSG 115 Manual Handling Solutions You Can Handle (HSE Books 1994) ISBN 0717606937. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.8c From HSG 115 Manual Handling Solutions You Can Handle (HSE Books 1994) ISBN 0717606937. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.9 From HSG 149 Backs for the Future: Safe Manual Handling in Construction (HSE Books 2000) ISBN 0717611221. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.10 From HSG 76 Health and Safety in Retail and Wholesale Warehouses (HSE Books 1992) ISBN 0118857312. Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 8.13 From HSG 150 (rev1) Health and Safety in Construction (HSE Books 2001) ISBN 0717621065. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 9.4 Courtesy of Draper. Figure 9.6 Courtesy of Draper. Figure 9.9 Reprinted from Safety with Machinery, John Ridley and Dick Pearce, pages 20–29, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 9.11 Reprinted from Safety with Machinery, John Ridley and Dick Pearce, pages 20–29, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 9.12 Courtesy of Allen-Bradley Guardmaster brand from Rockwell Automation. Figure 9.14 Reprinted from Safety with Machinery, John Ridley and Dick Pearce, page 63, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. xviii Illustrations creditsFigure 9.14a Reprinted from Safety with Machinery, John Ridley and Dick Pearce, pages 61 and 62, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 9.14b Reprinted from Safety with Machinery, John Ridley and Dick Pearce, pages 61 and 62, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 9.15 Courtesy of Allen-Bradley Guardmaster brand from Rockwell Automation. Figure 9.16 Reprinted from Safety with Machinery, John Ridley and Dick Pearce, page 79, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 9.17 Courtesy of Canon. Figure 9.18 Courtesy of Fellowes. Figure 9.19 Courtesy of Draper. Figure 9.20a Courtesy of Draper. Figure 9.20b Courtesy of Draper. Figure 9.21 Courtesy of Atco-Qualcast. Figure 9.22 Picture supplied courtesy of STIHL GB. Figure 9.23 Courtesy of Pakawaste. Figure 9.24 Courtesy of Winget. Figure 9.25 From L 114 Safe Use of Woodworking Machinery (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717616304. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 10.2 Courtesy of Stocksigns. Figure 10.6a Courtesy of DeWalt. Figure 10.6b Courtesy of DeWalt. Figure 10.6c Courtesy of DeWalt. Figure 10.7a From Essentials of Health and Safety (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 071760716X. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 10.7b From Essentials of Health and Safety (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 071760716X. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 10.8a From Essentials of Health and Safety (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 071760716X. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 10.8b From Essentials of Health and Safety (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 071760716X. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Illustrations credits xixFigure 11.12a Courtesy of Armagard. Figure 11.12b Courtesy of Armagard. Figure 11.12c Courtesy of Armagard. Figure 11.13 Courtesy of NEBOSH. Figure 12.2a Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, pages 240 and 248, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 12.2b Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, pages 240 and 248, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 12.3 Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, page 9, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 12.4 Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, page 8, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 12.5 Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, page 340, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 12.6 Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, page 363, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 12.8 Courtesy of Draeger Safety UK Limited. Figure 12.9 From HSG 54 Maintenance, Examination and Testing of Local Exhaust Ventilation (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717614859. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 12.10 From HSG 202 General Ventilation in the Workplace (HSE Books 2000) ISBN 0717617939. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 12.11 Courtesy of Draper. Figure 12.12a From HSG 53 The Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Equipment (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717615375. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 12.12b From HSG 53 The Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Equipment (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717615375. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 12.12c From HSG 53 The Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Equipment (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717615375. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 12.13 Courtesy of Draper. Figure 13.1 From HSG 121 A Pain in Your Workplace (HSE Books 1994) ISBN 0717606686. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Illustrations credits xxFigure 13.3 From INDG 175 REV1 Health Risks from Hand-Arm Vibration (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717615537. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 13.4 From HSG 170 Vibration Solutions (HSE Books 1997) ISBN 0717609545. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 13.7a Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, page 195, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 13.7b Reprinted from Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness Ninth edition, Waugh and Grant, page 195, 2002, with permission from Elsevier. Figure 13.9 From L 108 Reducing Noise at Work (HSE Books 1998) ISBN 0717615111. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 13.10 Source: Heat Stress Card published by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration, U.S.A. Figure 13.12 From INDG 69 (REV) Violence at Work: A Guide for Employers (HSE Books 2000) ISBN 0717612716. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 14.1 From HSG 151 Protecting the Public – Your Next Move (HSE Books 1997) ISBN 0717611485. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 14.3 From HSG 185 Health and Safety in Excavations (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 0717615634. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 14.4 From CIS 49 REV1 General Access Scaffolds and Ladders. Construction Information Sheet No. 49 (revision) (HSE Books 2003). ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 14.5 From www.brattsladders.com Figure 14.6b From HSG 149 Backs for the Future: Safe Manual Handling in Construction (HSE Books 2000) ISBN 0717611221. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 14.8 From HSG 150 (rev1) Health and Safety in Construction (HSE Books 2001) ISBN 0717621065. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 14.9 From HSG 185 Health and Safety in Excavations (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 0717615634. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 15.4 From BI 510 Accident Book (HSE Books 2003) ISBN 0717626032. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Illustrations credits xxiFigure 15.5 From HSE 31 REV1 RIDDOR Explained: Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurances Regulations (HSE Books 1999) ISBN 0717624412. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 16.1 From HSG 65 Successful Health and Safety Management (HSE Books 1997) ISBN 0717612767. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 16.2 From Guide to Measuring Health and Safety Performance (HSE 2001). ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 17.1 From INDG 350 The idiot’s guide to CHIP: Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations 2002 (HSE Books 2002) ISBN 0717623335. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer. Figure 17.2 From HSG 150 (rev1) Health and Safety in Construction (HSE Books 2001) ISBN 0717621065. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 17.3 From HSG 150 (rev1) Health and Safety in Construction (HSE Books 2001) ISBN 0717621065. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 17.6 From L 23 Manual Handling Operations – Guidance on Regulations (HSE Books 2004) ISBN 071762823X. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. Figure 18.5 From HSG 65 Successful Health and Safety Management (HSE Books 1997) ISBN 0717612767. ß Crown copyright material is reproduced with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland.
كلمة سر فك الضغط : books-world.net The Unzip Password : books-world.net أتمنى أن تستفيدوا من محتوى الموضوع وأن ينال إعجابكم رابط من موقع عالم الكتب لتنزيل كتاب Introduction to Health and Safety at Work - Second Edition رابط مباشر لتنزيل كتاب Introduction to Health and Safety at Work - Second Edition
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