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| موضوع: كتاب Fundamentals of Machine Design Vol 3 الجمعة 14 يوليو 2023 - 1:18 | |
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أخواني في الله أحضرت لكم كتاب Fundamentals of Machine Design Vol 3 P. Orlov Translated From the Russian By A. Troitsky
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents Chapter 1. Assembly . . 9 1.1. Axial and Radial A ssem bly 11 1.2. Independent Disassembly 21 1.3. Successive A sse m b ly . 22 1.4. Withdrawal Facilities 25 1.5. Dismantling of F langes 28 1.6. Assembly Locations . 29 1.7. Prevention of Wrong Assem bly 30 1.8. Access of Assembly T o o ls 34 1.9. Rigging Devices . . . 36 1.10. Spur Gear D riv es 37 1.11. Bevel Gear D riv es 41 1.12. Spur-and-Bevel Gear D riv es 46 Chapter 2. Convenience in Maintenance and Operation 48 2.1. Facilitating Assembly and Disassembly . 48 2.2. Protection Against D am age 54 2.3. Interlocking D e v ic e s . 56 2.4. External Appearance and Finish of M achines 57 Chapter 3, Designing Cast M embers . 60 3.1. Wall Thickness and Strength of C astings . 61 3.2. Moulding 63 3.3. Simplification of Casting S hapes 78 3.4. Separation of Castings into P a r ts 78 3.5. Moulding D r a f t s . 80 3.6. S h rin k a g e 82 3.7. Internal S tre s s e s . 83 3.8. Simultaneous S olidification . . 85 3.9. Directional S olidification 87 3.10. Design Rules 87 3.11. Casting and Ma'chining Locations 101 3.12. Variations in Casting Dimensions and Their Effect on the Design of C a s tin g s . 102 3.13. Dimensioning 109 Chapter 4. Design of Parts to Be M achined 112 4.1. Cutting Down the Amount of M achining . 114 4.2. Press Forging and Form ing . 117 4.3. Composite S tru c tu re s . 119 4.4. Eliminat ion of Superfluously Accurate Machining . . . . 1216 Contents 4.5. Through-Pass Machining 123 4.6. Overtravel of Cutting T o o ls 127 4.7. Approach of Cutting T o o ls 132 4.8. Separation of Surfaces to Be Machined to Different Accuracies and F in is h e s . 136 4.9. Making the Shape of Parts Conformable to Machining Conditions . 140 4.10. Separation of Rough Surfaces from Surfaces to Be Machined . 141 4.11. Machining in a Single S e ttin g 144 4.12. Joint Machining of Assembled P a r ts . 146 4.13. Transferring Profile-Forming Elements to Male Parts 148 4.14. Contour Milling . 148 4.15. Chamfering of Form Surfaces 150 4.16. Machining of Sunk Surfaces 151 4.17. Machining of Bosses in H ousings . 152 4.18. Microgeometry of Frictional End Surfaces . 153 4.19. Elimination of Unilateral Pressure on Cutting Tools 153 4.20. Elimination of Deformations Caused by Cutting Tools 155 4.21. Joint Machining of Parts of Different H ardness 157 4.22. Shockless Operation of Cutting T o o ls . 158 4.23. Machining of H o le s . 159 4.24. Reduction of the Range of Cutting T o o ls . 161 4.25. Centre H o le s . 163 4.26. Measurement Datum Surfaces 165 4.27. Increasing the Efficiency of M achining . 167 4.28. Multiple Machining 171 Chapter 5. Welded J o i n t s 174 5.1. Types of Welded J o in ts 184 5.2. Welds as Shown on D raw ings 186 5.3. Drawings of Welded J o i n t s 196 5.4. Design Rules 199 5.5. Increasing the Strength of Welded J o i n t s . 199 5.6. J oints Formed by Resistance W elding . 213 5.7. Welding of P ip e s 215 5.8. Welding-on of F la n g e s . 216 5.9. Welding-on of B ushings . 217 5.10. Welding-on of B a r s 219 5.11. Welded Frames . 221 5.12. Welded Truss J o in ts 225 Chapter 6. Riveted J o i n t s 229 6.1. Hot Riveting . 229 6.2. Cold R iv e tin g . 231 6.3. Rivet Materials . 233 6.4. Types of Riveted J o in ts 234 6.5. Types of R i v e t s . 237 6.6. Design Relative Proportions 237 6.7. Heading Allowances 241 6.8. Design Rules . 243 6.9. Strengthening of Riveted J o i n t s 245 6.10. Solid R iv e ts . 246 6.11. Tubular Rivets . 247 6.12. Thin-Walled Tubular R iv e ts 249Contents 7 6.13. Blind Rivets . 249 6.14. Special R iv e ts . 253 6.15. Riveting of Thin S h eets . 253 Chapter 7. Fastening by Cold Plastic Deformation M ethods . 255 7.1. Fastening of Bushings . 256 7.2. Fastening of B a r s . 256 7.3. Fastening of Axles and P i n s 258 7.4. Connection of Cylindrical M embers . 259 7.5. Fastening of Parts on Surfaces 260 7.6. Swaging Down of Annular Parts on S h a fts . 261 7.7. Fastening of P lu g s . 261 7.8. Fastening of Flanges to Pipes 263 7.9. Fastening of T u b e s . 263 7.10. Fastening by Means of L u g s 264 7.11. Various C onnections . 265 7.12. Seaming 266 Index . 269 Index A Assembly, 9-54 axial, 11-21 facilitating, 48-54 locations of, 29-30 radial, 11-21 selective, 10 successive, 22-25 tools, access of, 34-36 wrong, prevention of, 30-33 food proof, 33 c Castings, open, 67-69 separation into parts, 78, 80 shape, simplification of, 78 strength of, 61-63 variations in dimensions, 102-108 wall thickness of, 61-63 Casting methods, 60-61 cavityless (full-form), 61 centrifugal, 61 chill, 60 pressure die, 61 sand mould, 60 semi-permanent mould, 61 shell mould, 60 Centre holes, 163-165 Chamfering of form surfaces, 150-151 Chaplets, 75 Cluster gear assembly patterns, 18-21 Cod, 67 Composite structures, 119-121 Cutting tools, approach of, 132-136 overtravel of, 127-132 Conjugation of walls, 87-89 Connection of cylindrical members, 259 Contact between teeth, 38 Contour milling, 148-150 Controlled cooling, 86 Cores, 60, 69-78 band, 72 fastening of, 73-76 installation of, 71, 73 prints, 73-78 holes for, 76-78 unification of, 72-73 Core moulds, 60 Cutting tools, 153-163 elimination of, deformations caused by, 155-157 unilateral pressure on, 153- 155 reduction of the range of, 161-163 shockless operation of, 158-159 D Design rules, 87-101, 199-209, 243-245 Design tapers, 80 Dimensioning, 109-111 Disassembly, facilitating, 48-54 independent, 21-22 Dismantling of flanges, 28 E Elimination of massive elements, 89- 91 Escape of gases, 71-72 F Fastening, of axes and pins, 258-259270 Index of bars, 256-258 of bushings, 256 of flanges to pipes, 263 by means of lugs, 264 of parts on surfaces, 260-261 of plugs, 261-262 of tubes, 263-264 Fillet welds, 184 concave convex (reinforced) dimensions of straight (normal) Finish of machines, 57-59 Flanges, 94 Gear drives, 37-47 bevel, 41-46 spur, 37-41 spur-and-bevel, 46-47 H Holes, 95 I Interlocking devices, 56-57 K Kinematic accuracy, 38 L Locations, axial, 101-102 casting (rough), 101 rough surface, 101 M Machining, of bosses in housings, 152- 153 cutting down amount of, 114-117 elimination of superfluously accurate, 121-122 of frictional end surfaces, 153 of holes, 159-161 increasing the efficiency of, 167- 171 joint, of assembled parts, 146-147 of parts of different hardness, 157-158 multiple, 171-173 consecutive, 171 parallel, 171 parallel-consecutive, 171 in a single setting, 144-146 of sunk surfaces, 151 through-pass, 123-127 Measurement datum surfaces, 165-167 Moulding, 63-78 drafts, 80-81 mechanical, 60 Mould parting, 66-67 N Non-recoverable punch, 250 P Press forging and forming, 117-119 Prevention of blowholes, 93 Protection against damage, 54-56 R Reduction of shrinkage stresses, 91-92 Ribs, 95 Rigging devices, 36-37 Rimming, 94 Riveted joints, 229-254 strengthening of, 245-246 types of, 234-236 Riveting, cold, 231-233 hot, 229-231 of thin sheets, 253-254 Rivets, blind, 249-253 calculation of, 230-231 heading allowances, 242 installation of, 244-245 materials, 233-234 set, 249, 251-253 shapes of, 245 solid, 246-247 special, 253 tubular, 247-248 thin-walled, 249 types of, 237-239 varieties of, 232 Rule of shadows, 64 s Seaming, 266-268 Separation of surfaces, of different accuracy and finish, 136-141 rough and machined, 141-143 Shrinkage, 82-83 free, 83 linear, 82 restricted, 83Index 271 rules of, 83 volume, 82 Socket wrenches, 34-35 Solidification, 85-87 directional, 87 simultaneous, 85-86 Smoothness of run, 38 Stresses, internal, 83-85 u Undercuts, 184 elimination of, 63-66 V Various connections, 265 w Wall thickness, 100-101 Warping, 175, 183 Welded frames, 221-224 Welded joints, drawings of, 196-199 increasing the strength of, 199, 209-213 as shown on drawings, 186 truss, 225-228 types of, 184-193 butt, 184, 186, 189-190 corner, 184, 186, 192 lap, 184-185, 191 slotted (plug) welds, 185 transfusion, 185 tee, 184, 186, 193 Welding of pipes, 215-216 Welding-on, of bars, 219-220 of bushings, 217-219 of flanges, 216-217 Withdrawal facilities, 25-28 for flanges, 28 in standard machine elements, 26-27 for tightly fitted hubs, 25, 27
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