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 |  موضوع: كتاب Plastics - Product Design and Process Engineering الخميس 24 أكتوبر 2019, 12:47 pm | |
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أخوانى فى الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
Plastics - Product Design and Process Engineering
Harold Belofsky
و المحتوى كما يلي :
1 Introduction 1
1.1 What is a Polymer?
1.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Plastics
1.3 Sources of Technical Information and Standards
2 Chemistry and Classification of Polymers 19
2.1 Overview
2.2 The Carbon-Carbon Primary Bond
2.3 Secondary Bonds Between Molecules
2.4 Classification by Origin
2.5 Classification by Processing Method
2.6 Classification by Chemical Family
2.7 Classification by Method of Polymerization
2.8 Industrial Polymerization Methods
2.9 Classification by Physical Conformation
2.10 Cross-Linking of Polymers
2.11 Compounding Ingredients - Additives and Fillers
2.12 Other Physicochemical Properties
2.13 Naming of Polymers
3 Crystal Structure and Morphology 56
3.1 Overview
3.2 Crystalline Homopolymers
3.3 Spherulitic Microstructures
3.4 Morphology of Glassy or Amorphous Polymers,
3.5 Microstructure of Copolymers and Blends
3.6 Measurement of Crystallinity
3.7 Measurement of Orientation
3.8 Polymer Microscopy Techniques
3.9 Thermal Transitions: Melting
3.10 Thermal Transitions: Glass Transition
3.11 Control of Crystallization
3.12 Annealing
4 Physical and Chemical Characterization of Polymers 79
4.1 Overview
4.2 Definitions of Molecular Weight Averages
4.3 Measurement of Molecular Weights and Relative Molecular Weight Distribution.. 84
4.4 Effects of Molecular Weight on Plastics Properties
4.5 Characterization Using Thermal Analysis Tests
4.6 Chemical Instrumental Analysis
94Xll Contents
5 Mechanical Properties of Solid Polymers
5.1 Overview
5.2 Short-Term Tensile Properties
5.3 Review of Basic Stress-Strain Relations
5.4 Designing Within a Modulus Accuracy Limit
5.5 Bending Properties - Use of Flexural Modulus
5.6 Effect of Temperature, Strain Rate, Molecular Weight, and Cross-Linking on
Short-Term Mechanical Properties
5.7 Viscoelastic Models .
5.8 Generating and Using Creep Data
5.9 The Boltzmann Superposition Principle
5.10 Dynamic Properties
5.11 Stress Concentrations and Fatigue
5.12 Fracture Mechanics
5.13 Impact Properties
5.14 Ductile-to-Brittle Transitions
5.15 Hardness and Abrasion Resistance
5.16 Safety Factors and Working Stresses
6 Thermal and Chemical Resistance, Electrical, Optical, and Other
Nonmechanical Properties
6.1 Overview
6.2 Short-Term Thermal Properties
6.3 Low Temperature Stiffening
6.4 Long-Term Thermal Degradation
6.5 High Service Temperature Polymers
6.6 Chemical Resistance of Polymers
6.7 Permeability in Polymers
6.8 Flammability
6.9 Electrical Properties
6.10 Optical Properties
6.11 Weathering
6.12 Radiation Effects on Polymers
7 Elements of Rheology 182
7.1 Overview
7.2 Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids
7.3 Effects of Molecular Weight, Temperature, and Pressure on Viscosity,
7.4 Viscosity, Temperature, Free Volume, and the WLF Equation
7.5 Dimensions of Viscosity and Range of Values
7.6 Steady State Flow in a Tube - the Capillary Rheometer
7.7 Drag (Couette) Flow
7.8 Elasticity Effects in Polymer Melts
7.9 Flow in Tension
7.10 Torque Rheometry
7.11 The Melt Index Test
7.12 The Rotating Disk Viscometer (Mooney Rheometer)
7.13 Newtonian Flow for Various Channel Shapes ;
7.14 Some Other Examples
207Contents Xlll
7.15 CuiTent Topics in Rheology , 210
8 Extrusion Processes 212
8.1 Overview
8.2 Main Elements of the Single-Screw Extruder
8.3 General Outline of Screw Theory
8.4 Geometry of the Screw.......
8.5 The Solids Conveying Zone
8.6 The Transition Zone
8.7 The Metering Zone
8.8 The Standard Extruder Screw and Modifications
8.9 Barrier Screws
8.10 Two-Stage, Vented Extruders
8.11 Pipe, Tube, and Wire Covering Dies and Downstream Equipment
8.12 Sheet Extrusion
8.13 Oriented Flat Film Extrusion
8.14 Blown-Film Extrusion
8.15 Monofilament and Fiber Extrusion
8.16 Extrusion of Rubbers
8.17 Design of Profile Dies for Thermoplastics
8.18 Postforming Operations
8.19 Operating Tips and Troubleshooting
9 Injection Molding Processes 270
9.1 Overview
9.2 Cycle of Operation
9.3 Machine Construction Details
9.4 Injection Machine Ratings
9.5 Basic Mold Constructions
9.6 Details of Mold Design
9.7 Mold Filling and Part Cooling Estimates
9.8 Orientation Arising in Molding
9.9 Shrinkage in Injection Molding
9.10 Troubleshooting Injection Molding of Thermoplastics
9.11 Injection Molding Fiber-Reinforced and Filled Thermoplastics
9.12 Special Injection Machines and Processes
9.13 Injection Molding of Thermosetting Plastics
9.14 Computer-Aided Engineering in Injection Molding
10 Blow Moldiqg 350
10.1 Overview
10.2 Extrusion Blow Molding
10.3 Injection Blow Molding
10.4 Stretch Injection Blow Molding
10.5 Process Details
10.6 Wall Thickness and Parison Thickness Relationships
10.7 Mold Construction Details
10.8 Coextrusion Blow Molding
rMnXIV Contents
11 Other Thermoplastic-Forming Processes 373
11.1 Overview
11.2 Thermoforming Processes
11.3 Rotational Molding
11.4 Casting Processes
11.5 Powder Coating Processes
11.6 Protoype Model-Making Processes...
11.7 Ancillary Processes - Drying
12 Materials and Properties of Polymer Composites 403
12.1 Overview
12.2 Advantages and Limitations of Polymer Composites
12.3 Mechanical Properties of Fiber Composites
12.4 Off-Axis Loading and Angle-Ply Laminates
12.5 Theory of Short-Fiber Reinforcement
12.6 Reinforcing Fibers
12.7 Fiber and Fabric Forms
12.8 Thermosetting Plastic Resins.
12.9 Manufacture of SMC, TMC, and BMC
12.10 Sandwich Panels
12.11 Stampable Thermoplastic Composite Sheet
12.12 Long-Fiber, Injection Moldable Thermoplastics
13 Processing of Polymer Composites
13.1 Overview
13.2 Open Mold Processes
13.3 Filament Winding Processes
13.4 Bag Molding Processes,
13.5 Compression Molding with BMC and SMC
13.6 Reaction Injection Molding
13.7 Resin Transfer Molding
13.8 Pultrusion
14 Foams and Foam Processes
14.1 Overview
14.2 General Properties and Uses of Foamed Polymers.,..
14.3 Foam Processes
14.4 Expandable Polystyrene Foam Molding
14.5 RIM Foam Molding
14.6 Integral Foam Molding - Low Pressure Processes....
14.7 Integral Foam Molding - Expandable Mold Process
14.8 Design Guidelines for Integral Foam
15 Compounding, Mixing, and Dispersing Processes, 476
15.1 Overview
15.2 Dry Blending
15.3 Principles of Fluxed-Melt Mixing
15.4 Batch Mixing
15.5 Continuous Mixing Processes
483Contents xv
15.6 Compounding Calculations 485
16 Guidelines for Material Selection, Process Selection, and Product Design
16.1 Overview
16.2 General Criteria for Material Selection
16.3 Comparative Properties of Families of Thermoplastics
16.4 Comparative Properties of Thermosetting Plastics
16.5 Process Selection Guidelines for Thermoplastics
16.6 Process Selection Guidelines for Thermosetting Plastics
16.7 Product Design Guidelines
16.8 Part Tolerances
17 Designing Mechanical Components in Plastics 529
17.1 Overview
17.2 Plastic Bearings
17.3 Plastic Gears
17.4 Plastic Pipe and Tubing
18 Environmental Concerns 541
18.1 Overview
18.2 Survey of Disposal Methods for Polymer Waste
18.3 Recycling into Identical or Similar Products
18.4 Recycling into Less-Demanding Products
18.5 Depolymerization
18.6 Incineration
18.7 Biodegradability
18.8 Source Reduction
18.9 Reclaim and Recycling Equipment and Processes
18.10 Disposal of Thermoset Composites, Tires, and Automobiles
Problems 562
Answers to Selected Problems 599
Appendices 605
A.l Working with Units and Terms
A.1.1 Dimensional Conversion Factors
A.1.2 Some Fundamental Physical Constants in SI and cgs Units
A.1.3 SI and Metric Prefixes
A.1.4 The Greek Alphabet
A.2 Initializations for Plastics and Rubbers
A.3 Quick Identification Guides
A.3.1 Quick Identification Guide for Plastics; Flame Testing
A.3.2 Quick Identification Guide for Plastics: Solvent Testing
A.4 Trouble Shooting
A.4.1 Trouble Shooting Sheet Extrusions
A.4.2 Trouble Shooting Profile Extrusions
A.4.3 Trouble Shooting Injection Molding
A.5 References
622XVI Contents
A.5.1 Bibliography for Polymer Science and Technology,
A.5.2 References for Computer-Aided Engineering
Index 627
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