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 |  موضوع: كتاب Medical Plastics - Degradation Resistance and Failure Analysis الأحد 20 أغسطس 2023, 2:44 am | |
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Medical Plastics - Degradation Resistance and Failure Analysis
Robert C Portnoy
و المحتوى كما يلي :
The use of plastics is widespread. Less widespread, however, is a clear understanding and examination of the many forms of degradation inherent within the very environments these materials must perform.
Medical PlasticsùDegradation Resistance & Failure Analysis fills that void.
The introductory chapter gives an overview of the medical applications of plastics and the specific performance requirements they need to meet.
The following chapters discuss various degrading environments and their effects including environmental stress cracking, effect of body liquids, effect of harsh environments, and various methods of sterilization.
The book also discusses the failure of medical devices due to contamination, low temperature, the effects of UV light, migration of formulation components, mechanical stresses, and problems with design and fabrication.
Case histories of failures of some common products used in medicine are also provided.
A
absorbable polymers 167
absorption 145
accelerator 189
acrylic 52
acrylic adhesives 187
acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene 52
additives 79, 91
adhesives 16, 187
aging 74, 113, 123
Allied Signal 51
AlphaGary 132
amorphous 69, 91, 99, 106, 150
angioplasty devices 117
anisotropy 177
antioxidants 73, 79, 141,202
approved vendor list 10
archwires 171
Arrhenius equation 113
Auger electron spectroscopy 22
autoxidation 97
Avrami equation 89
Avrami exponent 89
Avrami plot 89
B
barrier properties 27
bending 77
biocompatibility 21, 154
biological safety 131
biomaterials I
birefringence 46
blends 177
blister packaging 27
blow molding 131
bone 143
Index
bone resorption 7
burst pressure 185
burst testing 27
C
carbon fiber 143
carrier gas 51
chain scission 87, 134
chemical resistance 91
chlorofluorocarbon 51
cilia 67
clarity 81, 91,117
color shift 135
composites 171
contaminants 123
containers 195
cortical bone 181
cost 3,91
crack 77
crazing 121
crosslinking 87, 108, 134
cryogenic impact 195
crystalline 91
crystallinity 65, 100, 105,207
crystallization temperature 88
cyanoacrylates 187
cytotoxicity 136
D
degradable material 4
degradation 73, 88, 177, 205
dental appliances 171
dental trays 157
depolymerization 124
design 155
diffusion 101212
diffusion coefficient 143
discoloration 201
disposal 131
DMA 18,196
dose 87, 93
Dow 51,119
drying 125
DSC 17, 73, 87, 173
ductile 93
ductility 78, 91,106, 123, 180
dynamic mechanical analysis 195
E
electron beam 192
Elmendorf tear 107
elongation 92, 107, 127, 134
embrittleness 123
environmental stress cracking 65
epoxy 144
ESCA21
ESR99
Esschem 172
ethylene oxide 27,51, 117, 139, 192
extension 91
extracorporeal devices 1
extruder 177
extrusion 45,79,92,131,133
F
failure 13,69, 73, 112
fatigue 15
fatigue testing 36
Fickian diffusion 146
films 91, 196
filters 25
flexural modulus 117
flexural test 172
floor mats 131
foam 168
fractography 15
fracture 78
fracture mechanism 123
Medical Plastics
FTIR 16, 23
G
GC 17,23
General Electric 172
glass fiber 171
glass transition temperature 117, 123, 196
GPC 23,125
H
hardness 16, 132, 133
haze 189
HDPE 66, 73, 202
heart valves 43
heat deflection temperature 117, 157
hemodialyzers 117
hip 40
hot plate welding 183
HPLC 17,23,203
hydrolysis 123
hydroxyapatite 4, 177
I
impact resistance 188
impact strength 117
impact testing 197
implants 1, 144
induction time 89
injection molding 73,81,92, 123, 131, 133,
178
irradiation 91,97,98, 134
isothermal crystallization 87
J
joining 45
joint 16
joint design 183
K
knee 40Index
L
lamellae 67, 81
LDPE66
level ofperfonnance 114
liability 3
lids 27
life cycle 183
living cells 2
living hinge 78
Loctite 190
loose loops 67
loss modulus 196
L-tyrosine 4
lubricants 134, 141
M
melt tlow rate 91, 123
melt index 65
membranes 25
metallocene catalysts 80
microcavitation 123
microcracks 123, 128
microvoids 123
molded-in stress 155
molecular weight 65,69,92, 123, 134
morphology 113
MS 17,23
N
nucleating additives 106
nucleating sites 88
nucleator 93
o
orientation 65, 178
Owens-Coming 172
oxidation 98
oxidative induction test 74
oxidative induction time 202
P
part design 73
213
PEEK 143
peel strength 188
peel testing 27
PET 45
pH 201
pins 7
plastic waste 131
plasticizers 131, 141
polarized light 46
poly(amino acid)s 5
poly(glycolic acid) 4
poly(lactic acid) 4
polyarylates 8
polybutylene terephthalate 150
polycarbonate 5,52, 117, 123, 171
polydioxanone 4
polyester 149
polyetherimide 157
polyethylene 15,52,65, 73, 74, 183
polyethylene terephthalate 150
polyglicolide 168
polymethylmethacrylate 4
polyolefin 27
polyphenylsulfone 157
polypropylene 52, 74, 79, 87, 91, 97, 105,
113,201,207
polystyrene 45, 52
polytetratluoroethylene 25
polyurethanes 4, 52
post-irradiation 97
process waste 131
prosthodontic frameworks 171
P\'C52,79, 127, 131, 139, 195,202
R
rabbit model 7
radiation 87, 105, 112
radiation dose 91
radiation stability 91
radical scavenger 103
radicals 98
rapid cure 187214
regrind 132, 136
regulation 3
regulatory issues 187
reinforcing fibers 171
reprocessing 135
residual stress 45
risk 3
S
sales 1,3
saline environment 143
SEM 14,22, 125, 180
semicrystalline 15
servohydraulic system 37
shelflife 74, 111, 133
shrinkage 45
silicone 4
sink marks 155
solubility parameters 117
solvents 117
specification 9
spherulites 69, 207
stability 136
stabilization 135
stabilizers 79, 97, 103
starch 177
sterilization 51, 79,123,139,153,159,168,
192,201
stiffness 66, 69, 157
stopcocks 157
storage modulus 196
strain hardening 92
stress 76, 207
stress analysis 18
stress cracking 193
stress scanner 48
styrene-acrylonitrile 52
surplus devices 131
Medical Plastics
sumres 40,167
syndiotactic 80
syringes 117
T
tear strength 108
temperamre 88, 113
tensile load 66
tensile modulus 117
tensile strength 93, 134, 188
termination 100
TGA 173
thermal oxidation 74
thermoplastic elastomers 151
tie molecules 67, 203
torque 134, 172
toughening 65
toughness 92, 93, 108, 117
U
ultrasonic welding 183
V
vendor 9
vibration welding 183
W
warpage 155
wear 39
y
yellow discoloration 98
yield stress 92
Z
Ziegler-Natta 80
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