اخوانى فى الله معى اليوم كتاب
Pneumatic Actuating Systems
for Automatic Equipment
Structure and Design
Contents
1 Structure of Pneumatic Actuating Systems ................................. 1
1.1 Pneumatic Positioning Systems ..................................................................6
1.2 Pneumatic Systems for Velocity Control .................................................15
1.3 Pneumatic Systems for Force Control......................................................17
2 Pneumatic Actuators..................................................................... 21
2.1 Linear Actuators ..........................................................................................21
2.1.1 Pneumatic Cylinders ......................................................................21
2.1.2 Diaphragm Actuators .....................................................................34
2.1.3 Actuators with Bellows..................................................................43
2.1.4 Combined Pneumatic Actuators...................................................46
2.2 Rotary Actuators and Pneumatic Motors................................................49
2.3 Mathematical Model of Pneumatic Actuators........................................56
3 Electropneumatic Control Valves................................................ 71
3.1 Electromechanical Valve Transducers ......................................................73
3.2 One-Stage Valves .........................................................................................85
3.3 Two-Stage Valves .......................................................................................103
3.4 Operating Mode of Electropneumatic Control Valves........................ 110
3.4.1 Analog (Continuous) Operating Mode. .................................... 110
3.4.2 Digital (Discrete) Operating Mode............................................. 112
3.5 Mathematical Model of Electropneumatic Control Valves................. 115
3.6 Performance Characteristics of Control Valves ....................................130
4 Determination of Pneumatic Actuator State Variables .......... 141
4.1 Position and Displacement Sensors........................................................141
4.2 Measurement of Velocity, Acceleration, Pressure, Force, and
Torque Signals ............................................................................................151
4.3 Computation of State Coordinates .........................................................159
4.4 Observer Technique for State Variables.................................................162
5 Open-Loop Pneumatic Actuating Systems .............................. 179
5.1 Position Actuators .....................................................................................179
5.1.1 Shock Absorbers in Pneumatic Positioning Actuators ...........180
5.1.2 Parameters of Pneumatic Positioning Actuators .....................200
5.1.2.1 Parameter Estimation of an Actuator with
Trapezoidal Velocity Curves .........................................207
5.1.2.3 Estimation of the Time for Actuator Starting
Motion...............................................................................217
5.2 Pneumatic Actuators with Constant Velocity Motion.........................221
5.3 Adjustment of Acting Force in Pneumatic Actuators .........................229
6 Closed-Loop Pneumatic Actuating Systems ............................ 239
6.1 Control Systems and Control Algorithms.............................................240
6.1.1 Control Algorithms.......................................................................241
6.1.2 Types of Control Systems ............................................................247
6.2 Pneumatic Positioning Actuators............................................................254
6.2.1 Continuous Position Tracking Systems.....................................255
6.2.2 Point-to-Point Systems .................................................................272
6.2.3 Actuators with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)....................279
6.2.4 Actuators with Bang-Bang Control Mode ................................291
6.3 Actuators for the Velocity Control..........................................................299
6.4 Pneumatic Systems for Acting Force Control.......................................309
Bibliography ........................................................................................ 321
رابط التحميل :
http://uploading.com/files/b7df97mb/0849329647PneumaticActuating.pdf/
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