rambomenaa
كبير مهندسين
عدد المساهمات : 2041
التقييم : 3379
تاريخ التسجيل : 21/01/2012
العمر : 46
الدولة : مصر
العمل : مدير الصيانة بشركة تصنيع ورق
الجامعة : حلوان
 |  موضوع: كتاب Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers الأحد 28 أكتوبر 2012, 11:23 pm | |
| 
أخوانى فى الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers
Revised by a staff of specialists
EUGENE A. AVALLONE Editor
Consulting Engineer; Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Emeritus
The City College of the City University of New York
THEODORE BAUMEISTER III Editor
Retired Consultant, Information Systems Department
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.
ALI M. SADEGH Editor
Consulting Engineer; Professor of Mechanical Engineering
The City College of the City University of New York
و المحتوى كما يلي :
xix
For symbols of chemical elements, see Sec. ; for abbreviations applying to metric weights
and measures and SI units, Sec. ; SI unit prefixes are listed on p. – .
Pairs of parentheses, brackets, etc., are frequently used in this work to indicate corresponding values. For example, the statement that “the cost per kW of a , -kW plant is
$ ; of a , -kW plant, $ ; and of an , -kW plant, $ ,” is condensed as follows:
The cost per kW of a , ( , ) [ , ]-kW plant is $ ( ) [ ].
In the citation of references readers should always attempt to consult the latest edition of
referenced publications.
Symbols and Abbreviations
A or Å Angstrom unit m; . in
A mass number N Z; ampere
AA arithmetical average
AAA Am. Automobile Assoc.
AAMA American Automobile Manufacturers’ Assoc.
AAR Assoc. of Am. Railroads
AAS Am. Astronautical Soc.
ABAI Am. Boiler & Affiliated Industries
abs absolute
a.c. aerodynamic center
a-c, ac alternating current
ACI Am. Concrete Inst.
ACM Assoc. for Computing Machinery
ACRMA Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Manufacturers Assoc.
ACS Am. Chemical Soc.
ACSR aluminum cable steel-reinforced
ACV air cushion vehicle
A.D. anno Domini (in the year of our Lord)
AEC Atomic Energy Commission (U.S.)
a-f, af audio frequency
AFBMA Anti-friction Bearings Manufacturers’ Assoc.
AFS Am. Foundrymen’s Soc.
AGA Am. Gas Assoc.
AGMA Am. Gear Manufacturers’ Assoc.
ahp air horsepower
AIChE Am. Inst. of Chemical Engineers
AIEE Am. Inst. of Electrical Engineers (see IEEE)
AIME Am. Inst. of Mining Engineers
AIP Am. Inst. of Physics
AISC American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc.
AISE Am. Iron & Steel Engineers
AISI Am. Iron and Steel Inst.
Al. Assn. Aluminum Association
a.m. ante meridiem (before noon)
a-m, am amplitude modulation
Am. Mach. Am. Machinist (New York)
AMA Acoustical Materials Assoc.
AMCA Air Moving & Conditioning Assoc., Inc.
amu atomic mass unit
AN ammonium nitrate (explosive); Army-Navy Specification
AN-FO ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (explosive)
ANC Army-Navy Civil Aeronautics Committee
ANS Am. Nuclear Soc.
ANSI American National Standards Institute
antilog antilogarithm of
API Am. Petroleum Inst.
approx approximately
APWA Am. Public Works Assoc.
AREA Am. Railroad Eng. Assoc.
ARI Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Inst.
ARS Am. Rocket Soc.
ASCE Am. Soc. of Civil Engineers
ASHRAE Am. Soc. of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning
Engineers
ASLE Am. Soc. of Lubricating Engineers
ASM Am. Soc. of Metals
ASME Am. Soc. of Mechanical Engineers
ASST Am. Soc. of Steel Treating
ASTM Am. Soc. for Testing and Materials
ASTME Am. Soc. of Tool & Manufacturing Engineers
atm atmosphere
Auto. Ind. Automotive Industries (New York)
avdp avoirdupois
avg, ave average
AWG Am. Wire Gage
AWPA Am. Wood Preservation Assoc.
AWS American Welding Soc.
AWWA American Water Works Assoc.
b barns
bar barometer
B&S Brown & Sharp (gage); Beams and Stringers
bbl barrels
B.C. before Christ
B.C.C. body centered cubic
Bé Baumé (degrees)
B.G. Birmingham gage (hoop and sheet)
bgd billions of gallons per day
BHN Brinnell Hardness Number
bhp brake horsepower
BLC boundary layer control
B.M. board measure; bench mark
bmep brake mean effective pressure
B of M, Bureau of Mines
BuMinesxx SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
BOD biochemical oxygen demand
bp boiling point
Bq bequerel
bsfc brake specific fuel consumption
BSI British Standards Inst.
Btu British thermal units
Btub, Btu/h Btu per hr
bu bushels
Bull. Bulletin
Buweaps Bureau of Weapons, U.S. Navy
BWG Birmingham wire gage
c velocity of light
C degrees Celsius (centigrade)
C coulomb
CAB Civil Aeronautics Board
CAGI Compressed Air & Gas Inst.
cal calories
C-B-R chemical, biological & radiological (filters)
CBS Columbia Broadcasting System
cc, cm cubic centimetres
CCR critical compression ratio
c to c center to center
cd candela
c.f. centrifugal force
cf. confer (compare)
cfh, ft /h cubic feet per hour
cfm, ft /min cubic feet per minute
C.F.R. Cooperative Fuel Research
cfs, ft /s cubic feet per second
cg center of gravity
cgs centimetre-gram-second
Chm. Eng. Chemical Eng’g (New York)
chu centrigrade heat unit
C.I. cast iron
cir circular
cir mil circular mils
cm centimetres
CME Chartered Mech. Engr. (IMechE)
C.N. cetane number
coef coefficient
COESA U.S. Committee on Extension to the Standard Atmosphere
col column
colog cologarithm of
const constant
cos cosine of
cos angle whose cosine is, inverse cosine of
cosh hyperbolic cosine of
cosh inverse hyperbolic cosine of
cot cotangent of
cot angle whose cotangent is (see cos )
coth hyperbolic cotangent of
coth inverse hyperbolic cotangent of
covers coversed sine of
c.p. circular pitch; center of pressure
cp candle power
cp coef of performance
CP chemically pure
CPH close packed hexagonal
cpm cycles per minute
cycles/min
cps, cycles/s cycles per second
CSA Canadian Standards Assoc.
csc cosecant of
csc angle whose cosecant is (see cos )
csch hyperbolic cosecant of
csch inverse hyperbolic cosecant of
cu cubic
cyl cylinder
db, dB decibel
d-c, dc direct current
def definition
deg degrees
diam. (dia) diameter
DO dissolved oxygen
D
O deuterium (heavy water)
d.p. double pole
DP Diametral pitch
DPH diamond pyramid hardness
DST daylight saving time
d tons breaking strength, d chain wire diam. in.
DX direct expansion
e base of Napierian logarithmic system ( . )
EAP equivalent air pressure
EDR equivalent direct radiation
EEI Edison Electric Inst.
eff efficiency
e.g. exempli gratia (for example)
ehp effective horsepower
EHV extra high voltage
El. Wld. Electrical World (New York)
elec electric
elong elongation
emf electromotive force
Engg. Engineering (London)
Engr. The Engineer (London)
ENT emergency negative thrust
EP extreme pressure (lubricant)
ERDA Energy Research & Development Administration (successor
to AEC; see also NRC)
Eq. equation
est estimated
etc. et cetera (and so forth)
et seq. et sequens (and the following)
eV electron volts
evap evaporation
exp exponential function of
exsec exterior secant of
ext external
F degrees Fahrenheit
F farad
FAA Federal Aviation Agency
F.C. fixed carbon, %
FCC Federal Communications Commission; Federal Constructive
Council
F.C.C. face-centered-cubic (alloys)
ff. following (pages)
fhp friction horsepower
Fig. figure
F.I.T. Federal income tax
f-m, fm frequency modulation
F.O.B. free on board (cars)
FP fore perpendicular
FPC Federal Power Commission
fpm, ft/min feet per minute
fps foot-pound-second system
ft/s feet per second
F.S. Federal Specifications
FSB Federal Specifications Board
fsp fiber saturation point
ft feet
fc foot candles
fL foot lamberts
ftlb foot-pounds
g acceleration due to gravity
g grams
gal gallonsSYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS xxi
gc gigacycles per second
GCA ground-controlled approach
gcal gram-calories
gd Gudermannian of
G.E. General Electric Co.
GEM ground effect machine
GFI gullet feed index
G.M. General Motors Co.
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GNP gross national product
gpcd gallons per capita day
gpd gallons per day, grams per denier
gpm, gal/min gallons per minute
gps, gal/s gallons per second
gpt grams per tex
H henry
h Planck’s constant . org-sec
Planck’s constant, h/
HEPA high efficiency particulate matter
h-f, hf high frequency
hhv high heat value
horiz horizontal
hp horsepower
h-p high-pressure
HPAC Heating, Piping, & Air Conditioning (Chicago)
hp hr horsepower-hour
hr, h hours
HSS high speed steel
H.T. heat-treated
HTHW high temperature hot water
Hz hertz cycle/s (cps)
IACS International Annealed Copper Standard
IAeS Institute of Aerospace Sciences
ibid. ibidem (in the same place)
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC Interstate Commerce Commission
ICE Inst. of Civil Engineers
ICI International Commission on Illumination
I.C.T. International Critical Tables
I.D., ID inside diameter
i.e. id est (that is)
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Inst. of Electrical & Electronics Engineers (successor
to AIEE, q.v.)
IES Illuminating Engineering Soc.
i-f, if intermediate frequency
IGT Inst. of Gas Technology
ihp indicated horsepower
IMechE Inst. of Mechanical Engineers
imep indicated mean effective pressure
Imp Imperial
in., in inches
in lb, inch-pounds
in lb
INA Inst. of Naval Architects
Ind. & Eng. Industrial & Eng’g Chemistry (Easton, PA)
Chem.
int internal
i-p, ip intermediate pressure
ipm, in/min inches per minute
ipr inches per revolution
IPS iron pipe size
IRE Inst. of Radio Engineers (see IEEE)
IRS Internal Revenue Service
ISO International Organization for Standardization
isoth isothermal
ISTM International Soc. for Testing Materials
IUPAC International Union of Pure & Applied Chemistry
h h
J joule
J&P joists and planks
Jour. Journal
JP jet propulsion fuel
k isentropic exponent; conductivity
K degrees Kelvin (Celsius abs)
K Knudsen number
kB kilo Btu ( Btu)
kc kilocycles
kcps kilocycles per second
kg kilograms
kg cal kilogram-calories
kg m kilogram-metres
kip lb or kilo-pound
kips thousands of pounds
km kilometres
kmc kilomegacycles per second
kmcps kilomegacycles per second
kpsi thousands of pounds per sq in
ksi one kip per sq in, psi (lb/in )
kts knots
kVA kilovolt-amperes
kW kilowatts
kWh kilowatt-hours
L lamberts
l, L litres
£ Laplace operational symbol
lb pounds
L.B.P. length between perpendiculars
lhv low heat value
lim limit
lin linear
ln Napierian logarithm of
loc. cit. loco citato (place already cited)
log common logarithm of
LOX liquid oxygen explosive
l-p, lp low pressure
LPG liquified petroleum gas
lpw, lm/W lumens per watt
lx lux
L.W.L. load water line
lm lumen
m metres
M thousand; Mach number; moisture, %
mA milliamperes
Machy. Machinery (New York)
max maximum
MBh thousands of Btu per hr
mc megacycles per second
m.c. moisture content
Mcf thousand cubic feet
mcps megacycles per second
Mech. Eng. Mechanical Eng’g (ASME)
mep mean effective pressure
METO maximum, except during take-off
me V million electron volts
MF maintenance factor
mhc mean horizontal candles
mi mile
MIL-STD U.S. Military Standard
min minutes; minimum
mip mean indicated pressure
MKS metre-kilogram-second system
MKSA metre-kilogram-second-ampere system
mL millilamberts
ml, mL millilitre . cm
mlhc mean lower hemispherical candles
mm millimetresxxii SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
mm-free mineral matter free
mmf magnetomotive force
mol mole
mp melting point
MPC maximum permissible concentration
mph, mi/h miles per hour
MRT mean radiant temperature
ms manuscript; milliseconds
msc mean spherical candles
MSS Manufacturers Standardization Soc. of the Valve & Fittings
Industry
mu micron, micro
MW megawatts
MW day megawatt day
MWT mean water temperature
n polytropic exponent
N number (in mathematical tables)
N number of neutrons; newton
N
s specific speed
NA not available
NAA National Assoc. of Accountants
NACA National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (see NASA)
NACM National Assoc. of Chain Manufacturers
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
nat. natural
NBC National Broadcasting Company
NBFU National Board of Fire Underwriters
NBS National Bureau of Standards (see NIST)
NCN nitrocarbonitrate (explosive)
NDHA National District Hearing Assoc.
NEC National Electric Code (National Electrical Code and NEC
are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection
Association, Inc., Quincy, MA.)
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Assoc.
NFPA National Fire Protection Assoc.
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NLGI National Lubricating Grease Institute
nm nautical miles
No. (Nos.) number(s)
NPSH net positive suction head
NRC Nuclear Regulator Commission (successor to AEC; see also
ERDA)
NTP normal temperature and pressure
O.D., OD outside diameter (pipes)
O.H. open-hearth (steel)
O.N. octane number
op. cit. opere citato (work already cited)
OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration
OSW Office of Saline Water
OTS Office of Technical Services, U.S. Dept. of Commerce
oz ounces
p. (pp.) page (pages)
Pa pascal
P.C. propulsive coefficient
PE polyethylene
PEG polyethylene glycol
P.E.L. proportional elastic limit
PETN an explosive
pf power factor
PFI Pipe Fabrication Inst.
PIV peak inverse voltage
p.m. post meridiem (after noon)
PM preventive maintenance
P.N. performance number
ppb parts per billion
PPI plan position indicator
ppm parts per million
press pressure
Proc. Proceedings
PSD power spectral density, g /cps
psi, lb/in lb per sq in
psia lb per sq in. abs
psig lb per sq in. gage
pt point; pint
PVC polyvinyl chloride
Q Btu
qt quarts
q.v. quod vide (which see)
r roentgens
R gas constant
R deg Rankine (Fahrenheit abs); Reynolds number
rad radius; radiation absorbed dose; radian
RBE see rem
R-C resistor-capacitor
RCA Radio Corporation of America
R&D research and development
RDX cyclonite, a military explosive
rem Roentgen equivalent man (formerly RBE)
rev revolutions
r-f, rf radio frequency
RMA Rubber Manufacturers Assoc.
rms square root of mean square
rpm, r/min revolutions per minute
rps, r/s revolutions per second
RSHF room sensible heat factor
ry. railway
s entropy
s seconds
S sulfur, %; siemens
SAE Soc. of Automotive Engineers
sat saturated
SBI steel Boiler Inst.
scfm standard cu ft per min
SCR silicon controlled rectifier
sec secant of
sec– angle whose secant is (see cos– )
Sec. Section
sech hyperbolic secant of
sech– inverse hyperbolic secant of
segm segment
SE No. steam emulsion number
SEI Structural Engineering Institute
sfc specific fuel consumption, lb per hphr
sfm, sfpm surface feet per minute
shp shaft horsepower
SI International System of Units (Le Systéme International
d’Unites)
sin sine of
sin– angle whose sine is (see cos– )
sinh hyperbolic sine of
sinh– inverse hyperbolic sine of
SME Society of Manufacturing Engineers (successor
to ASTME)
SNAME Soc. of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
SP static pressure
sp specific
specif specification
sp gr specific gravity
sp ht specific heat
spp species unspecified (botanical)
SPS standard pipe size
sq square
sr steradian
SSF sec Saybolt Furol
SSU seconds Saybolt Universal (same as SUS)
std standardSYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS xxiii
SUS Saybolt Universal seconds (same as SSU)
SWG Standard (British) wire gage
T tesla
TAC Technical Advisory Committee on Weather Design
Conditions (ASHRAE)
tan tangent of
tan angle whose tangent is (see cos )
tanh hyperbolic tangent of
tanh inverse hyperbolic tangent of
TDH total dynamic head
TEL tetraethyl lead
temp temperature
THI temperature-humidity (discomfort) index
thp thrust horsepower
TNT trinitrotoluol (explosive)
torr mm Hg . millibars ( / ) atm
( . / ) dynes per cm
TP total pressure
tph tons per hour
tpi turns per in
TR transmitter-receiver
Trans. Transactions
T.S. tensile strength; tensile stress
tsi tons per sq in
ttd terminal temperature difference
UHF ultra high frequency
UKAEA United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
UL Underwriters’ Laboratory
ult ultimate
UMS universal maintenance standards
USAF U.S. Air Force
USCG U.S. Coast Guard
USCS U.S. Commercial Standard; U.S. Customary System
USDA U.S. Dept. of Agriculture
USFPL U.S. Forest Products Laboratory
USGS U.S. Geologic Survey
USHEW U.S. Dept. of Health, Education & Welfare
USN U.S. Navy
USP U.S. pharmacopoeia
USPHS U.S. Public Health Service
USS United States Standard
USSG U.S. Standard Gage
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
V volt
VCF visual comfort factor
VCI visual comfort index
VDI Verein Deutscher Ingenieure
vel velocity
vers versed sine of
vert vertical
VHF very high frequency
VI viscosity index
viz. videlicet (namely)
V.M. volatile matter, %
vol volume
VP velocity pressure
vs. versus
W watt
Wb weber
W&M Washburn & Moen wire gage
w.g. water gage
WHO World Health Organization
W.I. wrought iron
W.P.A. Western Pine Assoc.
wt weight
yd yards
Y.P. yield point
yr year(s)
Y.S. yield strength; yield stress
z atomic number, figure of merit
Zeit. Zeitschrift
mass defect
mc microcurie
, s Boltzmann constant
m micro ( ), as in ms
mm micrometre (micron) m ( mm)
ohm
s
MATHEMATICAL SIGNS AND SYMBOLS
plus (sign of addition)
positive
minus (sign of subtraction)
Negative
( ) plus or minus (minus or plus)
times, by (multiplication sign)
multiplied by
sign of division
/ divided by
: ratio sign, divided by, is to
equals, as (proportion)
less than
greater than
V much less than
W much greater than
equals
; identical with
, similar to
L approximately equals
> approximately equals, congruent
equal to or less than
equal to or greater than
not equal to
S approaches
varies as
` infinity
square root of
cube root of
therefore
y parallel to
() [] {} parentheses, brackets and braces; quantities enclosed by them
to be taken together in multiplying, dividing, etc.
length of line from A to B
p pi ( . )
degrees
r minutes
rr seconds
l angle
dx differential of x
(delta) difference
x increment of x
partial derivative of u with respect to x
e integral of
'u/'x
AB
xxiv SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
integral of, between limits a and b
r line integral around a closed path
o (sigma) summation of
f (x), F(x) functions of x
exp x ex [e . (base of natural, or Napierian, logarithms)]
= del or nabla, vector differential operator
= Laplacian operator
£ Laplace operational symbol
ba ! factorial |x| absolute value of x
first derivative of x with respect to time
second derivative of x with respect to time
A B vector product; magnitude of A times magnitude of B times
sine of the angle from A to B; AB sin
A B scalar product; magnitude of A times magnitude of B times
cosine of the angle from A to B; AB cos AB
Contents
For the detailed contents of any section consult the title page of that section.
Contributors ix
The Editors xiii
Preface to the Eleventh Edition xv
Preface to the First Edition xvii
Symbols and Abbreviations xix
. Mathematical Tables and Measuring Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mathematical Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Measuring Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanics of Solids and Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanics of Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Friction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanics of Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Thermodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Thermodynamic Properties of Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Radiant Heat Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Transmission of Heat by Conduction and Convection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Strength of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanical Properties of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanics of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Pipeline Flexure Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Nondestructive Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Experimental Stress and Strain Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanics of Composite Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Materials of Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. General Properties of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Iron and Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Iron and Steel Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Nonferrous Metals and Alloys; Metallic Specialties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Paints and Protective Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Nonmetallic Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Cement, Mortar, and Concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Lubricants and Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fiber Composite Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fuels and Furnaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Carbonization of Coal and Gas Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Combustion Furnaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Municipal Waste Combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Electric Furnaces and Ovens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Machine Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Machine Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Gearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fluid-Film Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Bearings with Rolling Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Packings, Gaskets, and Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Pipe, Pipe Fittings, and Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Power Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Sources of Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Steam Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Steam Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Steam Turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Power-Plant Heat Exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Internal-Combustion Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Gas Turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Hydraulic Turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Materials Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Materials Holding, Feeding, and Metering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Lifting, Hoisting, and Elevating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Dragging, Pulling, and Pushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Loading, Carrying, and Excavating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Conveyor Moving and Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Automatic Guided Vehicles and Robots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Material Storage and Warehousing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Automotive Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Railway Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Marine Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Aeronautics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Jet Propulsion and Aircraft Propellers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Astronautics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Pipeline Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Containerization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Building Construction and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Industrial Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Structural Design of Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Reinforced Concrete Design and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Air Conditioning, Heating, and Ventilating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Sound, Noise, and Ultrasonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Manufacturing Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Foundry Practice and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
vi CONTENTSCONTENTS vii
. Plastic Working of Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Welding and Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Machining Processes and Machine Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Surface Texture Designation, Production, and Quality Control . . . . . . . . -
. Woodcutting Tools and Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Precision Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fans, Pumps, and Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Displacement Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Centrifugal Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. High-Vacuum Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Electrical and Electronics Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Electrical Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Instruments and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Automatic Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Industrial Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Operations Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Cost Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Engineering Statistics and Quality Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Methods Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Cost of Electric Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Human Factors and Ergonomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Automatic Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. The Regulatory Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Environmental Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Occupational Safety and Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Refrigeration, Cryogenics, and Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Mechanical Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Cryogenics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Emerging Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. An Introduction to Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) . . . . . . . . . -
. Introduction to Nanotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Ferroelectrics/Piezoelectrics and Shape Memory Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Introduction to the Finite-Element Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Computer-Aided Design, Computer-Aided
Engineering, and Variational Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Experimental Fluid Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Introduction to Biomechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Human Injury Tolerance and Anthropometric Test Devices . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Air-Inflated Fabric Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Robotics, Mechatronics, and Intelligent Automation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Rapid Prototyping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
. Miscellany
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
INDEX
Index Terms Links
A
AAR plate B equipment clearance diagram -
AAR plate C (equipment clearance diagram) -
Abaca (manila fiber) -
Abampere (def) -
Ablators (heat-resisting materials) -
Abrasive cutoff wheels -
Abrasive paper -
Abrasive tools (wood sanding) -
Abrasive wheels (see Grinding wheels)
Abrasives -
artificial -
coated -
grains for, manufacture of -
for grinding and polishing -
ABS resins: properties of (table) -
ABS/Nylon resins: properties of (table) -
Absolute-pressure gages -
Absolute systems (mechanics, def) -
Absolute temperature scale -
Absolute zero, inferred -
Absorber, in refrigeration systems -
Absorptance (heat, def) -
Absorption:
of gases by water -
of light (def) - Index Terms Links
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Absorption dynamometers -
Absorption machines, refrigeration -
Absorption refrigerators -
Absorptivity (heat, def) -
Acceleration (def) -
angular (def) -
causing curvilinear motion -
composition of - - -
conversion (table) -
equivalents (table) -
of gravity - -
measurement of -
resolution of -
units of -
Acceleration resistance (train) -
Acceleration-time curve (kinematics) -
Accelerometers -
microelectromechanical systems as -
Accidents: prevention of -
Accounting (see Cost accounting)
Accumulators, hydraulic -
Acetal resins: properties of (table) -
Acetone (solvent) -
Acid number of lubricating oil -
Ackerman steering gear (automobiles) -
Acme screw threads -
Acoustic waves -
Acoustics, in industrial plants -
(See also Sound)
Acre (unit of area, def) -
Acrylic fibers - Index Terms Links
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Acrylic resins: properties of (table) -
Acrylonitrile resins: properties of (table) -
Active power (a-c circuits, def) -
Actuators (jacks) -
hydraulic -
ACV (air cushion vehicles) -
Ada (computer language) -
Addendum (gear teeth) -
Addition, arithmetical -
Adhesion, coefficient of (locomotives) -
Adhesive resins, performance of (table) -
Adhesives -
anaerobic -
classification of (table) -
elastomeric -
pressure-sensitive -
properties of (table) -
thermoplastic -
thermosetting -
uses of -
table -
Adiabatic expansion of gases -
Admiralty brass (table) -
Admittance (electric circuits, def) - -
Advance (resistor alloy) -
table -
Aerodynamics (def) -
axes used in -
coefficients in -
hypersonic (def) -
(See also Supersonic and hypersonic aerodynamics)Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Aerodynamics (def) (Cont.)
speed in -
subsonic (def) -
(See also Airfoils)
supersonic (def) -
(See also Supersonic and hypersonic aerodynamics)
transonic (def) -
Aeronautics -
(See also Airplanes)
Aerosols, particle sizes in -
Afterburners (jet engines) -
effect of -
Aftercondensers -
Agglomeration test (coal) -
Aggregates for concrete -
Aging of steel (hysteresis) -
after temper rolling -
AGMA gear standards -
Air:
ambient, quality standards for (table) -
composition of (table) -
dehumidification of -
by surface cooler -
density of (def) -
at altitudes (table) -
formula -
in ducts, friction in (charts) - -
enthalpy-pressure diagram for (chart) -
heat transfer coefficients to or from -
humidification of, spray chambers for -
ideal-gas, enthalpy and psi functions for (table) - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Air: (Cont.)
internal energy of (table) -
liquefaction of -
moist, properties of - -
pressure of, at altitudes (table) -
solubility, in water -
surface conductance (table) -
surface resistance (table) -
temperature at altitudes (table) -
temperature-entropy chart for -
thermal conductivity of (table) - -
velocity pressure -
and water-vapor mixtures -
Air arc gouging -
Air beams -
Air cleaners, characteristics of (table) -
Air compression -
multistage: power required in -
theory of -
power required for -
theory of -
work of -
Air compressors:
centrifugal (see Centrifugal compressors)
efficiency of - - -
lubrication of -
oils for -
rotary-vane -
unloaders for -
uses for -
valves for - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Air conditioning -
absorption systems, water and lithium bromide -
air distribution in -
air infiltration (tables) - -
air-treatment criteria for -
atmospheric cooling for -
of automobiles -
chilled-water cooling for -
chilled-water systems, water distribution in -
of cold storage rooms -
comfort indexes for: ASHRAE comfort chart -
effective temperature (chart) -
temperature-humidity index -
cooling configurations for -
cooling load formulas for -
cooling loads for (table) -
cooling towers for -
direct expansion cooling for -
duct air velocities (table) -
ducts, friction of air in (charts) - -
ductwork for -
fans for - -
filters for -
table -
heat gain -
factors for (table) -
from appliances (table) - -
from computer equipment (table) -
from electric motors (table) -
from lighting fixtures (charts) - Index Terms Links
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Air conditioning (Cont.)
from occupants (table) -
from office equipment (table) -
from people (table) -
from restaurant appliances (table) -
through roofs (tables) - -
through sunlit walls (table) -
heat rejection -
equipment for -
diagrams -
piping for -
friction losses in (charts) - -
of industrial plants -
inside design conditions (table) -
makeup water for -
moisture infiltration -
moisture load in -
nontoxic water treatment for -
open spray systems for -
outdoor air requirements (table) -
outside design temperatures (charts) - -
overall heat-transfer coefficients (table) -
power input to (table) -
processes -
psychrometric chart for -
return face air velocities (table) -
sprayed coil dehumidifiers for -
supply-air rate -
supply-air temperature -
winter water-side economizers for - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Air ejectors -
capacities of (table) -
hogging -
materials for -
performance of -
priming -
steam jet pressure for -
types of -
Air heaters, in furnaces, soot blowers for -
Air-inflated fabric structures -
air beams -
analytical and numerical models -
drop stitch fabrics for -
fabric effects on structural behavior -
fiber materials for -
inflation of -
operation of -
plain-woven fabrics for -
pressure relief valves for -
protective coatings for -
rigidification of -
seamless fabrics for -
Air meters -
Air motor hoists -
Air pollution -
characteristics of (chart) -
classification of -
Clean Air Acts for -
control of, in industries -
from diesel engines -
dispersion from stacks - - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Air pollution (Cont.)
effects on vegetation -
emission standards for passenger cars
and light trucks (table) -
fans for control of -
federal standards for -
from gasoline engines -
from heavy-duty engines -
from internal-combustion engines -
particle sizing in -
from passenger vehicles -
from power plants -
principal pollutants (table) -
sources of -
domestic -
table -
industrial (table) -
sulfur effects - -
from transportation engines (table) -
(See also Environmental control)
Air preheaters (boilers) -
Air resistance: of automobiles -
Aircraft (def) -
Aircraft jet propulsion -
efficiency and power of -
equations, notation -
fuels -
ramjet - -
performance of -
rocket engines -
electric - - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Aircraft jet propulsion (Cont.)
electromagnetic -
electrostatic -
electrothermal -
liquid propellants -
nuclear heat-transfer -
performance of -
propellant combinations (table) -
scramjet -
solid propellant - -
thermal air-jet systems -
thrust equations -
turbofan -
performance of -
turbojet -
performance of -
Aircraft propellers:
aerodynamic theories: axial-momentum -
blade element -
vortex -
blades -
construction of -
centrifugal loads on -
coefficients for -
power -
thrust -
torque -
control -
beta -
counterweights -
design - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
Aircraft propellers: (Cont.)
ENT (emergency negative thrust) -
excitation factor -
fatigue strength -
feathering -
gyroscopic forces on - -
hubs for -
mechanical design -
natural frequencies in -
performance of -
compressibility effects -
reverse thrust -
static thrust -
performance characteristics of -
advance ratio -
velocity coefficient -
pitch change mechanism for -
resonance -
reversing -
slipstream contraction -
store damage -
vibratory stresses in -
Airflow, through orifices -
Airfoils -
aerodynamic forces on -
angle of attack (def) -
aspect ratio (def) -
boundary layer control -
camber line of -
characteristics of -
drag (def) - Index Terms Links
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Airfoils (Cont.)
dynamic pressure (def) -
flaps and slots in -
induced drag (def) -
lift (def) -
moment (def) -
pressure distribution on -
profile drag -
sections, properties of (charts) -
stagnation point (def) -
stalling angle -
transonic -
wing section, selection of -
Airplane propellers (see Aircraft propellers)
Airplanes (def) -
aeroacoustics -
aerodynamic efficiency -
aerodynamic forces on -
supersonic and hypersonic -
banking -
best range speed -
ceiling -
compasses for (gyroscopic) -
control of -
dimensions of (table) -
drag of - -
(See also Airfoils; Drag)
dynamic stability of -
emissions from -
endurance speed - Index Terms Links
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Airplanes (def) (Cont.)
engines for -
aeroacoustics -
carburetors -
cooling -
high-cycle fatigue in -
rich-front combustors for -
table -
environmental issues -
flaps for, table -
flaps and slots for -
gas turbines for -
gyrocompasses for -
jet propulsion (see Aircraft jet propulsion)
maximum endurance -
maximum range -
minimum glide angle -
noise, Chapter noise regulations -
Chapter rule -
parasite drag of (def) -
performance of -
typical (table) -
power: available -
range of (table) -
rolling -
speed of (table) -
stability -
stalling angle -
static lateral stability -
static stability -
struts, drag of - Index Terms Links
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Airplanes (def) (Cont.)
time to climb to altitude -
turbomachine noise from -
turn-indicator -
wing sweepback -
wings, aspect ratio -
drag of -
flaps and slots -
laminar flow over -
scale effect -
chart -
sections -
(See also Airfoils)
Airslide conveyors -
AJM (abrasive-jet machining) -
Albumin glue (table) -
Alclad alloys (aluminum) -
Alcohol -
air for combustion of (table) -
compressibility -
denatured - -
heat of combustion of (table) -
products of combustion of (table) -
solvents -
specific gravity and density (table) -
wood - -
Algebra, linear -
Algol (computer language) -
Alkali cleansers -
Alkalinity of boiler water - Index Terms Links
This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.
All-day efficiency (transformers, def) -
Allowance (def) -
for various types of fit -
table -
Alloys:
aluminum -
antifriction -
for castings -
copper -
for bearings (table) -
manufacturing properties of (table) -
creep rates in (table) -
fusible (table) -
for high temperature -
superalloys (tables) -
lead -
magnesium -
nickel -
nonferrous -
hardening -
heat-treatment of -
manufacturing properties of (table) -
resistivity (table) -
for resistor materials -
shape memory (see Shape memory alloys)
specific gravity and density (table) -
steel, manufacturing properties of (table) -
(See also Steel, alloys)
superplastic -
titanium -
zinc - Index Terms Links
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Alnico (magnet material) -
Alpha iron (def) -
Alpha particles, atomic -
Alphabets:
German fraktur -
Greek -
Alternating-current instruments -
Alternating currents (see Circuits, alternatingcurrent; Currents, alternating;
Electric motors; Generators)
Alternation, electric current (def) -
Alternators -
Altitude:
air volume correction factors due to (table) -
solar (table) -
variation of atmospheric pressure and temperature
with (table) -
ALU (arithmetic logic unit) -
Alumina brick -
Aluminum:
conductors of - -
current-carrying capacities for (table) -
table - -
corrosion resistance of -
painting and lacquering of -
plastic range chart for -
soldering of -
tubing of -
welding of - - Index Terms Links
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Aluminum alloys -
aging -
annealing of -
anodizing treatment of -
castings, composition and properties of (tables) -
designations -
die-casting -
table -
extrusions -
foil -
forging of -
heat-treatment of -
tables -
machining of -
magnesium -
mold-casting of -
plates -
protection of -
riveting -
sheet -
silicon -
soldering of -
strain hardening of -
strength at high temperatures (table) -
welding of - -
wrought -
composition and properties of (table) -
Aluminum brass: composition
and properties of (table) - Index Terms Links
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Aluminum bronze -
for bearings -
composition and properties of (table) -
Aluminum oxide, for wood sanding -
Aluminum paint -
Aluminum pipe (table) -
Alundum (abrasive) -
Amatol (explosive) -
American farm windmill -
American National Standard pipe threads -
American Standard wire gage -
Table -
American Unified screw threads -
American wire gage, copper wire sizes (table) -
Ammeters - - -
Ammonia:
pipes for, valves and fittings -
properties of (chart) -
saturated (table) -
as refrigerant - -
saturated: properties of (table) -
superheated: properties of (table) -
Ammonia absorption machines -
Ammonia compressors:
condenser pressure (table) -
horsepower per ton of refrigeration (table) -
volume of gas per ton of refrigeration (table) -
Ammonia dynamites -
Ammonia gelatins in explosives -
Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (explosive) - Index Terms Links
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Amortisseur windings (a-c armatures) -
Ampere (def) - - -
Ampere-turn (def) -
Amplidyne (d-c generator) -
Amplification (def) -
Amplifiers:
difference -
differential (electronic circuit) -
high-gain operational -
instrumentation -
radio -
transistor -
two-stage -
AMS specifications, for stainless steel,
chemical composition (table) -
Analog computers -
Analysis:
dimensional -
of factory operations -
factors in -
Analytical geometry -
Anchor ring, volume and area -
Andt process (coke making) -
ANFO (explosive) -
Angle of attack (aerodynamics, def) -
induced -
Angle of stall (airfoils, def) -
Angle valves - Index Terms Links
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Angles:
analytical geometry formulas -
bisection of -
complementary (def) -
congruent (def) -
conversion tables for -
dihedral -
half, functions of -
measurement of (surveying) -
units for -
multiple, functions of -
negative, functions of -
solid -
steel, used as beams -
sum and difference of -
supplementary (def) -
trigonometric formulas -
Angular acceleration (def) -
Angular displacement (def) -
Angular momentum (def) -
Angular velocity -
conversion factors (table) -
Annealing:
of nonferrous metals -
of steel - -
Annual reports -
Annuity tables - -
Annulus:
area of -
number of contiguous circles in - Index Terms Links
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Anodizing -
Anomalistic year -
ANSI method of generator voltage regulation - -
Anthracite (see Coal, anthracite)
Anthropometric data (table) -
Anthropometric test dummies -
Antifreeze -
Antifriction alloys -
Antifriction curve, Schiele’s -
Antioch process (molding) -
Antirolling gyroscopes (ships) -
Aperiodic decay (def) -
Aperture, numerical -
API (American Petroleum Institute) scale
(specific gravity) conversion tables -
Apothecaries’liquid measure -
Apothecaries’weight -
Apparent power (a-c circuits, def) - -
Apron conveyors -
Table -
Aquifers, for water storage -
Arc furnaces - -
Arc welding (see Welding, arc)
ARCH (hydrogasification) -
Arch beams -
Arches:
furnace -
masonry, laying of -
Archimedean spiral - Index Terms Links
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Arcs:
circular, center of gravity of -
of contact (belts) -
Arcsine -
Arctangent -
Are (def) - -
Area, units of -
Area meters, fluid flow -
Areas:
centers of gravity for - -
conversion tables -
equivalent (table) -
measurement of - -
methods of calculating - - -
moments of inertia of -
plane: centers of gravity of - -
by graphics - -
moments of inertia of, by graphics - -
of similar figures -
of solids -
AREMA railway line clearance -
Arithmetic -
fixed point -
floating point -
laws of -
Arkansas oilstones -
Armature leakage reactance -
Armature reactance and resistance, a-c generators -
Armature reaction - -
Arms, flywheel - Index Terms Links
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Artificial intelligence -
Asbestos -
as brake material, friction of -
specific gravity and density of (table) -
thermal conductivity of (table) -
Asbestos-cement pipes -
ASCII codes, table -
Ash:
bituminous -
coal -
tables - -
combustibles in -
deposits -
eastern -
furnace fouling by -
fusibility -
table -
lignitic -
reflectivity of -
Ash conveyors, pneumatic -
Ashlar masonry (table) -
ASHRAE comfort chart -
ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) -
ASME specifications, for stainless steel (table) -
Aspect ratio (aerodynamics, def) -
Asphalt -
roofing -
Asphaltum, specific gravity and density (table) -
Assay ton (unit of weight, def) - Index Terms Links
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ASTM specifications:
for alloy-steel castings (table) -
for brick (table) -
for cement - -
for chains (table) - -
high-test -
proof-coil -
transport -
for commercial zinc (table) -
for copper wire (table) -
for fire resistance -
for gypsum plaster -
for Portland cement (table) -
for stainless steel, chemical composition (table) -
mechanical properties (table) -
for standard sieves
(proportioning concrete, table) -
for steel -
table -
structural - -
for locomotives (table) -
for ships (table) -
for steel castings -
Astroid -
Astronautics -
(See also Space)
Asymptote:
of hyperbola -
of tractrix - Index Terms Links
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Atmosphere:
control of, in industrial furnaces -
impurities in (chart) -
international standard (table) -
of planets (table) -
protective gas (heat treating, table) -
standard (COESA, def) -
table -
upper, data on (COESA) -
variation with altitude (table) -
Atmospheric corrosion -
Atom (def) - -
Atomic energy:
fusion systems -
(See also Power plants, nuclear)
Atomic number (def) -
of elements (table) -
of metals (table) - -
Atomic power (see Power plants, nuclear)
Atomic reactors (see Reactors)
Atomic weights:
of elements (table) -
of metals (table) - -
Attemperation of steam -
Attenuation (automatic control, def) -
of sound -
Attraction, laws of -
Audible frequency range (sound) -
Auscoke (BHP) - Index Terms Links
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Austenite (def) - - - -
grain size - -
influence of alloys on (table) -
Authority:
Autofacturing -
material feeding -
measurement -
micron -
nano -
packaging -
sensing -
sorting -
transferring -
Autogiros (def) -
Autoignition temperatures (gaseous fuels) -
Automated storage and retrieval
systems (materials handling) -
Automatic control:
actuators for -
basic system -
block-diagrams for - -
algebra -
representation -
closed-loop -
block-diagrams for -
commands -
compensation: derivative -
error -
input -
output - Index Terms Links
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Automatic control: (Cont.)
integral -
error -
definition of terms -
error coefficients -
final control elements for -
frequency response -
equations for common elements (table) -
graphical display -
Bode diagrams -
Nyquist plots -
polar plots -
linear quadratic regulators -
performance index for -
LQG/LTR systems -
command following in -
compensator design procedure for -
control systems analysis for -
controllability of -
detectability of -
example of -
LQG controller design for -
LQG/LTR controller design for -
multiplicative uncertainty of -
noise rejection in -
observability of -
performance robustness of -
PI controller design for -
precompensator design for -
robustness of - Index Terms Links
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Automatic control: (Cont.)
stability robustness of -
stabilizability of -
modes vs. process characteristics (table) -
nomenclature -
peak overshoot -
peak time -
pneumatic systems - -
process characteristics for (table) -
rise time -
robustness (def) -
properties -
sampled-data systems -
stability of -
signal flow representations -
stability and performance of -
gain margin (def) -
Nyquist stability criterion -
phase margin (def) -
Routh’s stability criterion -
steady-state performance -
time constants in -
transient analysis of system -
overshoot -
transient frequency -
viscous-damped -
z transformation -
Automatic control systems (def) -
Automatic controllers (def) -
Automatic guided vehicles -
Automatic pilot (gyroscope) - Index Terms Links
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Automatic vehicles (materials handling) - -
Automation (def) -
intelligent -
Automobile engines - -
in buses -
compression -
compression ratio (tables) -
cooling - - -
cylinders - -
firing orders -
foreign -
table -
ignition - -
lubrication of -
passenger-car data -
pollution from -
power density (chart) -
valve timing -
Automobile safety, human injury tolerance related to -
tables -
Automobiles -
acceleration -
air conditioning for -
antilock brakes for -
body construction -
brake fade in -
brake linings for -
brakes -
caliper-disk -
drums -
hydraulic - Index Terms Links
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Automobiles (Cont.)
internal-expanding -
parking -
pedal pressure for -
power -
self-energizing -
service -
shoes -
split systems -
braking of, reaction time in -
characteristics purchased -
coil springs for -
combined fuel economy -
constant-velocity joints for -
cooling -
corporate average fuel economy -
differentials for, limited slip -
drag coefficients for (chart) -
drivelines for -
engines (see Automobile engines)
/ fuel economy -
foreign -
four-wheel drive for -
front suspensions for -
front-wheel drive for -
fuel consumption of -
gear ratios for -
heating for -
highway driving schedule -
kingpins for - Index Terms Links
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Automobiles (Cont.)
materials recycled from -
materials used in (table) -
McPherson struts in -
microprocessors in -
miles driven -
performance -
rear axles -
differentials for -
semifloating -
rear suspensions -
registration in the United States -
resistance, air -
rolling resistance versus tire inflation pressure (chart) -
Rzeppa joints for -
shock absorbers for -
sprung weight of -
starting and lighting systems -
steering -
Ackermann -
power -
oil pumps for -
steering arms for -
stopping distances for -
tires for -
(See also Tires)
torsion bars for -
traction control for -
traction required in - Index Terms Links
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Automobiles (Cont.)
transmissions -
automatic -
continuously variable -
fluid couplings -
friction clutches -
manual -
gear ratios -
synchromesh -
torque converter -
tripod joints for -
trucks (see Trucks)
unsprung weight of -
urban driving schedule -
uses of -
ventilation -
wheel alignment -
camber (def) -
caster (def) -
toe-in (def) -
wheels for -
Autotransformers -
for squirrel-cage motors -
Availability (thermodynamics) -
Available heat (def) -
in steam engine cycle -
Aviation fuels -
Avogadro’s number (def) -
Avoirdupois weight -
AWG (American Wire Gauge) - Index Terms Links
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AWS specifications, for stainless steel,
chemical composition (table) -
Axial fans -
characteristic curves -
efficiency of (chart) -
formulas -
performance curves for - -
Axial-flow pumps - -
Axis:
of inertia, principal (def) -
of oscillation -
Axles, of automobiles -
Azimuth (def) -
back (def) -
solar (table) -
B
Babbitt linings in large bearings -
Babbitt metal (table) -
Babcock coefficient of friction (steam flow) -
Backhoes, loaders with -
Bagasse, as fuel -
Bainite (def) -
Balance:
dynamic - -
standing -
static -
Balance sheets (business accounting) - Index Terms Links
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Balances:
equal arm -
spring -
torsion -
Balancing -
of machines, rotating - -
steam turbines -
Ball bearings (see Bearings, rolling contact)
Ball-mill grindability test for coal -
Ball screw actuators (jacks) -
Ball screws -
Ball valves (pump) -
Ballasts:
for fluorescent lamps -
instant start -
rapid start -
Balsa, as insulation - -
Banana oil -
Band brakes -
friction of -
Band clutches -
Band saws, metal -
Bar codes -
Code -
Code One -
Code -
Code PDF -
Code K -
Code -
Code -
Data Matrix - Index Terms Links
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Bar codes (Cont.)
interleaved -of- -
scanners for -
-of- -
U.P.C. -
Barium titanate (ferroelectrics) -
Barn (unit of nuclear cross-section, def) -
Barometers -
mercury -
Barometric condensers -
Barrel, standard (def) -
BATEA (best available technology
economically achievable) -
Batteries -
dry -
block assembly -
effect of temperature -
efficiency of -
flashlight -
radio B -
Ruben-cell -
electrodes -
electromotive force of -
Exide Ironclad -
ignition system -
lead -
polarization -
poles -
radio C - Index Terms Links
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Batteries (Cont.)
storage -
capacity of (table) -
care of - -
charging -
Edison - -
efficiency of -
for mine locomotives -
Nicad - -
pasted-plate type -
Planté -
portable -
rechargeable -
removal from service -
specific gravity for electrolyte -
stationary -
voltage of -
Baumé scale (specific gravity), conversion tables -
Bauschinger effect -
Beam and crank mechanisms -
Beam lengths:
mean (radiation) - -
table -
Beams -
angles used as -
bending moment -
cantilever (def) -
connections in steel-framed structures -
constrained - Index Terms Links
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Beams (Cont.)
continuous -
uniformly loaded (table) -
curved, strength of -
deflection of - -
Castigliano’s theorem - -
curve for - -
diagram -
formulas -
as function of stress -
graphical method -
Maxwell’s theorem -
design of -
factors governing -
elastic curve -
I (see I beams)
internal moment beyond elastic limit -
internal resilience, formula -
loads and reactions -
diagram -
oblique -
rolling or moving -
moment and shear diagrams for - -
moments of inertia of various sections (tables) -
neutral axis in (def) -
neutral plane and line of (def) -
radii of gyration of various sections (tables) -
rectangular, uniformly loaded, safe loads (table) -
reinforced-concrete - Index Terms Links
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Beams (Cont.)
resilience -
per unit volume (table) -
section modulus (def) -
tables -
sections, properties of (tables) -
shear in -
shear diagram -
simple (def) -
slope diagram -
steel, deflections (tables) -
maximum safe load on -
table -
proportions of -
safe loads - -
table -
short, calculation of -
supports for -
web connections for -
stiffness of - -
strength of (formula) -
theory of flexure in -
uniform cross-section: bending moments (table) -
vertical shear (table) -
uniform strength -
table - -
vibration -
wooden - -
properties of (table) -
safe loads (table) - Index Terms Links
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Bearing, determination of (in surveying) -
Bearing metals -
aluminum alloys -
babbitt (table) -
copper-base (table) -
metal-powder-sintered, oil-impregnated (tables) -
miscellaneous -
porous -
(See also Babbitt; Brass; Bronze)
Bearing pressures of soils and rock (table) -
Bearings - -
ball -
(See also Bearings, rolling contact)
for centrifugal pumps -
closures for -
conical, friction -
efficiencies of -
friction in - -
gas-lubricated -
compressibility parameter
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